Great leap forward for China's military? China gets GPS.
China is the third nation to develop its own satellite navigation system, after the US and Russia. While it will be open to the public, analysts worry about its military uses.
This artist drawing of a Block III GPS satellite orbiting the Earth. China is now the third country to develop its own GPS satalite system, called the 'Big Dipper.'
Photo Illustration/Lockheed Martin/AP
Beijing
Something important was missing from all the fanfare here surrounding Tuesday鈥檚 announcement that China had launched a homegrown satellite navigation system to rival the US Global Positioning System (GPS): any mention of what it is really for.
鈥淭he driver for this program is that it is a strategic imperative鈥� for China鈥檚 military modernization, says Eric Hagt, an expert on China鈥檚 space activities at the Center for Defense Information in Washington.
You would not have learned that from the head of the China Satellite Navigation Office, Ran Chengqi,聽who announced that the Beidou system, which means 鈥淏ig Dipper鈥� in Chinese, had gone live.
He talked only of civilian uses, such as disaster relief management, or tracking official vehicles.
The Beidou system, however, is clearly designed to do more than keep an eye on the government carpool, foreign analysts say. A sophisticated positional navigation system is essential to pinpoint enemy ships and to guide missiles with precision, Mr. Hagt points out. The newly launched system, he adds, 鈥渋s a guarantee for the Chinese that they would have an independent system in place鈥� in case of conflict.
Until now, the Chinese military has relied on GPS. But that is controlled by the US government, which could block Beijing鈥檚 access if it wanted to, effectively blinding China鈥檚 Army, Navy, and Air Force.
For the moment, the 10 Beidou satellites offer positioning, navigation, and timing services over most of China and the whole of Southeast Asia, Mr. Ran said. The launch of six more satellites next year will extend Beidou鈥檚 reach to most of the Asia Pacific region and improve its accuracy to GPS levels. The system is expected to go global in 2020.
Tuesday鈥檚 announcement makes China the third nation in the world with its own satellite navigation system, after the US and Russia, whose Glonass satellites are fully operational. The European Union plans to make its own Galileo system operational by 2019.
Like GPS, Beidou will be free, Ran says, hoping that Chinese and foreign companies will build and sell cheap receivers to use its information. Also like GPS, Beidou is thought to have an encrypted military channel, offering more precise information to those that control it, though Ran made no mention of this.
US firms already use GPS alternatives for some purposes; Apple鈥檚 iPhone 4S relies on Glonass as well as GPS for its location feature, for example. How widely used Beidou will be by civilian clients, however, is unclear.
鈥淗ow many people would trust the Chinese over the US or the EU to keep a public channel open if it was not in their interests?鈥� Hagt wonders. 鈥淚 don鈥檛 know if people would have the same confidence.鈥澛�