海角大神

In Macron, supporters see a champion of optimism

The French president-elect faces the enormous task of channeling the expectations 鈥� and some would say idealism 鈥� of the movement he founded into a reformist, centrist government that pushes back against populism.

The improbable rise of Emmanuel Macron as the youngest president in modern French history 鈥� held up as a rebuke to transatlantic populism and generating expectations from Boston to Berlin 鈥� started with the big hope of women like Christelle Dernon.

Ms. Dernon was one of thousands of French people who signed up for the political movement 鈥淓n Marche鈥� that Mr. Macron started just a year ago, knocking on doors across the country and helping create and curate the message of optimism that ultimately prevailed at the polls Sunday night.

At the time the then-economy minister was not a presidential candidate. In fact, his name was barely known, and certainly not outside of France. But Dernon was impressed by her perception that he put projects above politics, and when he started his movement outside the traditional party apparatus 鈥� claiming to be neither left nor right 鈥� the 25-year-old who didn鈥檛 even vote in the previous presidential election joined his army of volunteers.

鈥淗e was talking to people, engaging in dialogue, something that we don鈥檛 see that often in France,鈥� she says on a recent evening outside his headquarters where she has put in almost as many hours as into her day job as a public affairs consultant. 鈥淚 subscribed right away. I wanted to be part of it.鈥�

鈥淲hen we started we just thought that we were building a project, a platform but probably for 2022,鈥� she adds. 鈥淪o it went way faster than we imagined.鈥�

Indeed, Macron鈥檚 victory Sunday night not only surprised his own movement, it caps one of the most extraordinary races in French history. Both mainstream parties were ousted from the race, and the runoff featured two outsider candidates with wildly divergent ideas for France鈥檚 future. Marine Le Pen made it to round two with an anti-immigrant, anti-EU message that tapped into pessimism in French society, while Macron forged forward, unapologetically pro-global and pro-European. The French opted for the latter, with 66 percent choosing Macron, compared to 34 percent for Ms. Le Pen, a larger margin than polls predicted.

And now he faces the enormous task of channeling the expectations 鈥� and some would say idealism 鈥� of Dernon and the movement he founded into a reformist, centrist presidency that pushes back against the populist forces that still lurk.

'Oui, nous pouvons'?

If all of this sounds familiar 鈥� perhaps too familiar, from some vantages 鈥� to the American election of Barack Obama, it鈥檚 not a coincidence.

The first major action of 鈥淓n Marche鈥� was the door-to-door campaign of which Dernon became part, marching across France in a listening tour. Called the 鈥淕rande Marche,鈥� it was unabashedly American in style, and, organized by the electoral technology startup Liegey Muller Pons, it borrowed directly from Mr. Obama鈥檚 2008 presidential bid.

What they found, in conversations across the country that focused on what鈥檚 working at the local level and what could be expanded, is that polls didn鈥檛 always reflect the full scope of people鈥檚 views. 鈥淭here is a tendency among French people to be pessimistic about their future,鈥� says Vincent Pons, a co-founder of Liegey Muller Pons. 鈥淏ut during these interactions Emmanuel Macron found out that there were many people who had ideas, who had a positive outlook of the country.鈥�

It鈥檚 one reason Macron so enthusiastically embraced optimism as a guiding message, despite the general sense that it is pessimism that is winning the era.

But now he faces the gargantuan task of unifying the nation. Despite Macron's decisive victory, Le Pen still won a third of the electorate 鈥� a historic win for her National Front 鈥� while another third either abstained or cast blank votes, refusing to endorse either candidate. While 鈥淓n Marche鈥� calls itself a movement of optimism, of the two-thirds of voters who cast ballots for Macron, many did so begrudgingly 鈥� because they feared Le Pen鈥檚 rise. Despite his outsider claims, many see him as a continuation of President Fran莽ois Hollande, the most unpopular president of the Fifth Republic. He faces the immediate challenge of legislative elections 鈥� where a man without a party seeks to secure a majority next month.

鈥淗e is a candidate who did not play on people鈥檚 fears, on people鈥檚 resentments, anger. He did not try to look for scapegoats, Islam, immigration, or European institutions,鈥� says Karim Bitar, a senior research fellow at the Institute for International and Strategic Relations in Paris. 鈥淏ut many of the 66 percent of voters who chose him did not necessary adhere to this message of hope that he was carrying. They were basically trying to say no to Marine Le Pen. It is going to be quite difficult to maintain the climate of hope.鈥�

Dialogue, not condemnation

As thousands of supporters cheered and danced in the courtyard of the Louvre Palace, in front of I.M. Pei鈥檚 glass pyramid Sunday night, Macron seemed to acknowledge the doubts after his victory was announced. 鈥淚 know the anger, the anxiety, the doubts that very many of you have also expressed. It's my responsibility to hear them,鈥� he said.

That鈥檚 the kind of message that first piqued Dernon鈥檚 interest. After the Bataclan terrorist attack in November 2015 that rocked Paris, she says he was the only one who wasn鈥檛 fixating on a foreign threat. 鈥淗e said, 鈥楾his is the second time we are attacked by French people on French people. We need to think about the roots of this to solve the problem.鈥� I appreciated he had the courage to say this at that time, no one was saying that,鈥� she says.

Later, when his government tried to push forward deeply unpopular labor reform, she was drawn to his style that seemed not to bash people or parties but to debate projects.

She still thinks economic reform will be his biggest bugaboo. Many already dismiss him as a candidate of corporatism and could resist his reform agenda. But Dernon says that his gift for dialogue will make the difference. 鈥淲hen you do political reform in France no one explains it. It鈥檚 just, 鈥榃e are going to do this.鈥� Then everyone goes on strike. Then nothing happens. It has been the same thing since I was born,鈥� she says.

鈥淧eople don鈥檛 understand that the social rights come from a different time. There are jobs that are disappearing and we have to adapt our system,鈥� she says. 鈥淭his is not saying we are going to do everything like the US, it鈥檚 not working in the US either. We have to build our own system protecting people but also bringing more mobility and possibility for people to move into jobs.鈥�

Mr. Pons, also an associate professor at Harvard Business School, says the timing might be right for him to effect change. The same breakdown in ideological divides that ushered him into power could also boost his leadership, since so much resistance to reform came from the rejection of the political class in the first place.

鈥淭he strength of Macron is that he is a new face. He is really young, relatively charismatic, his movement is entirely new," Pons says. "So he benefits from a lot of credit. He benefits from much more trust by French voters than moderate parties do. This trust maybe could be very instrumental in helping him implement reforms.鈥�

Waiting for change

For a man whose party is just over one year old, these are outsize expectations聽鈥� another parallel, this one ominous, with Obama, who won the Nobel Peace prize early in his term with the world looking on, setting expectations that left many deeply disappointed.

But not Dernon. She says her political activism was directly inspired by the former American president, and when she heard his "yes we can" spirit in Macron's movement 鈥� including Obama volunteers working directly in their campaign 鈥� she joined without hesitating. On a trip to Washington in January, she says she bumped into Obama鈥檚 daughter Malia in a park 鈥� something she considers more than a coincidence.

Cognizant of what followed Obama's two terms in office 鈥� the arrival of Mr. Trump 鈥� she has hope that Macron is the man to effect change without populism winning in the future. She says she鈥檚 not an idealist, something she couldn鈥檛 be after knocking on thousands of doors. 鈥淪ometimes you have a conversation with someone who doesn鈥檛 understand anything, or who is just aggressive,鈥� she says. 鈥淚n the end you are just like, 鈥榃hat is the point of doing all this?鈥� It can feel quite frustrating and disappointing.鈥�

And yet amid hundreds of slammed doors were hundreds more that opened. Her lasting impression: 鈥淧eople are waiting for this kind of change."