University of Oklahoma fraternity has history of racist incidents elsewhere
The University of Oklahoma fraternity banned for a videotaped racist chant 鈥� Sigma Alpha Epsilon 鈥� is considering legal action to retain its campus status.
At a press conference Friday, attorney Stephen Jones said the SAE alumni he represents could take legal action against the university on grounds that free-speech rights were violated.
While declaring that there was 鈥渘o justification for what occurred鈥� in the video, Mr. Jones criticized the university for a 鈥減remature rush to judgment.鈥�
鈥淭he university still has codes of conduct,鈥� he said. 鈥淲hether any of those trump the First Amendment is yet to be determined.鈥�
Jones is most well-known for defending Oklahoma City bomber Timothy McVeigh,
The national SAE organization has scrambled to distance itself from its disgraced chapter, which it closed, and the organization claims no association with any legal efforts by its University of Oklahoma chapter.
鈥淟ike others, we were shocked and appalled at the despicable and unacceptable behavior shown in the video of students at the University of Oklahoma,鈥� the national organization declares on its web site. 鈥淲ithin an hour of learning about the video on Sunday, March 8, we put the OU chapter under temporary suspension, which was followed by a formal closure notice within several hours鈥�. Discrimination and racial bias of any kind has no place in our organization and will not be tolerated.鈥�
The national fraternity makes a point of noting that data gathered since 2013 show approximately 20 percent of its approximately 15,000 members on 239 campuses 鈥渟elf-identify as a minority or non-Caucasian.鈥�
Assuming the accuracy of that statement, it represents a potentially significant change since SAE鈥檚 founding in the antebellum South at the University of Alabama. Many of the fraternity鈥檚 early members 鈥� honored by the present-day organization 鈥� came from plantation-owning families, and most fought for the Confederacy during the Civil War.
Gawker and other news sources report evidence that SAE references to early members fighting for the Confederacy.
The racist chant shown in the video 鈥� which uses a particularly hateful slur for African-Americans and refers to lynching 鈥� may have been used at other SAE chapters, according to several reports.
The two SAE brothers expelled by the University of Oklahoma 鈥� Parker Rice and Levi Pettit, both from Texas 鈥� have apologized. But in his statement, Mr. Rice said, 鈥渢he song was taught to us.鈥�
As the Los Angeles Times points out, 鈥淭he culture of insularity that typically shrouds many college fraternities, especially during controversial episodes, makes it difficult to know exactly how widespread the chant is 鈥� perhaps even for the fraternity鈥檚 national leadership.鈥�
Still, SAE has had other racial incidents, , an independent journalism organization. Among the examples cited by this organization:
鈥� In 1982, the University of Cincinnati suspended its Sigma Alpha Epsilon chapter after they organized a racist party around Martin Luther King Jr.'s birthday.聽
鈥� In 1992, the Texas A&M University chapter hosted a "Jungle Fever" themed party which featured "black face, grass skirts and 'slave hunts.'"聽
鈥� In 2006, two SAE students were suspended at the University of Memphis after harassing another member for dating a black woman and bringing her to the chapter鈥檚 house.
鈥� In 2013,聽the Washington University in St. Louis chapter was suspended after some of its pledges were instructed to direct聽racial slurs at a group of black students.
鈥� In December, Clemson University's SAE chapter was suspended after the fraternity聽hosted a "cripmas"聽party聽at which students dressed up as gang members.
According to several reports, a user on the online forum Reddit聽wrote that a nearly identical version聽of the racist chant was a 鈥渇avorite鈥� of SAE members at universities in Texas. On Monday, a Twitter user wrote that he 鈥渨as an SAE at a university in Texas from 2000-2004. The exact same chant was often used then. This is not isolated.鈥�
In its online statement, SAE鈥檚 national organization insisted that "Sigma Alpha Epsilon is not a racist, sexist or bigoted fraternity," and that it provides聽its members with anti-discrimination聽education and training.
"Several other incidents with chapters or members have been brought to the attention of the headquarters staff and leaders, and each of those instances will be investigated for further action," SAE stated. "Some reports have alleged that the racist chant in the video is part of a Sigma Alpha Epsilon tradition, which is completely false. The fraternity has a number of songs that have been in existence for more than a century, but the chant is in no way endorsed by the organization nor part of any education whatsoever."
Since the video surfaced, some SAE members have reported being accosted or threatened, including death threats. The now-vacant chapter house at the University of Oklahoma has been vandalized. An anti-racism rally was held at the home of one of the expelled students in Dallas.
The fraternity acknowledges the improvements needed in its traditions and training of young men who become brothers.
鈥淪igma Alpha Epsilon鈥檚 leadership has engaged with members of the African-American community and others who have reached out to the organization to build a partnership that will address the need for additional training, awareness and resources on cultural and diversity issues,鈥� SAE states. 鈥淭he fraternity is dedicated to making sure that its members are model citizens and leaders as part of their membership experience but also to understanding how SAE can improve its relationship with men and women of all ethnicities, heritages and nationalities.鈥�
