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For more than two centuries, the top ranks of American power have been dominated by men 鈥� almost all of them white. That ends on Wednesday.

Kamala Harris will become the first female vice president 鈥� and the first Black woman and person of South Asian descent to hold the role.

Her rise is historic in any context, another moment when a stubborn boundary will fall away, expanding the idea of what鈥檚 possible in American politics. But it鈥檚 particularly meaningful because Ms. Harris will be taking office at a moment of deep consequence, with Americans grappling over the role of institutional racism and confronting a pandemic that has disproportionately devastated Black and brown communities.

Those close to Ms. Harris say she鈥檒l bring an important 鈥� and often missing 鈥� perspective in the debates on how to overcome the many hurdles facing the incoming administration.

鈥淚n many folks鈥� lifetimes, we experienced a segregated United States,鈥� said Lateefah Simon, a civil rights advocate and longtime friend and mentee of Ms. Harris. 鈥淵ou will now have a Black woman who will walk into the White House not as a guest but as a second in command of the free world.鈥�

Ms. Harris 鈥� the child of immigrants, a stepmother of two and the wife of a Jewish man 鈥� 鈥渃arries an intersectional story of so many Americans who are never seen and heard.鈥�

Ms. Harris moves into the vice presidency just four years after she first went to Washington as a senator from California, where she鈥檇 previously served as attorney general and as San Francisco鈥檚 district attorney. She had expected to work with a White House run by Hillary Clinton, but President Donald Trump鈥檚 victory quickly scrambled the nation鈥檚 capital and set the stage for the rise of a new class of Democratic stars.

Her swearing-in comes almost two years to the day after Ms. Harris launched her own presidential bid on Martin Luther King Jr. Day in 2019. Her campaign fizzled before primary voting began, but Ms. Harris鈥檚 rise continued when President-elect Joe Biden chose her as his running mate last August. Ms. Harris had been a close friend of Beau Biden, the elder son of Mr. Biden and a former Delaware attorney general who died in 2015 of cancer.

The inauguration activities will include nods to her history-making role and her personal story.

She鈥檒l be sworn in by Supreme Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor, the first woman of color to serve on the high court. She鈥檒l use two Bibles, one that belonged to Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall, the late civil rights icon whom Ms. Harris often cites as inspiration, and Regina Shelton, a longtime family friend who helped raise Ms. Harris during her childhood in the San Francisco Bay Area. The drumline from Ms. Harris鈥� alma mater, Howard University, will join the presidential escort.

She鈥檒l address the nation late Wednesday in front of the Lincoln Memorial, a symbolic choice as the nation endures one of its most divided stretches since the Civil War and two weeks after a largely white mob stormed the U.S. Capitol in an effort to overturn the election results.

鈥淲e鈥檙e turning the page off a really dark period in our history,鈥� said Long Beach, California, Mayor Robert Garcia, a Harris ally. As Democrats celebrate the end to Mr. Trump鈥檚 presidency, Mr. Garcia said he hopes the significance of swearing in the nation鈥檚 first female vice president isn鈥檛 overlooked.

鈥淭hat is a huge historical moment that should also be uplifted,鈥� he said.

Ms. Harris has often reflected on her rise through politics by recalling the lessons of her mother, who taught her to take on a larger cause and push through adversity.

鈥淚 was raised to not hear 鈥榥o.鈥� Let me be clear about it. So it wasn鈥檛 like, 鈥淥h, the possibilities are immense. Whatever you want to do, you can do,鈥欌�� she recalled during a 鈥淐BS Sunday Morning鈥� interview that aired Sunday. 鈥淣o, I was raised to understand many people will tell you, 鈥業t is impossible,鈥� but don鈥檛 listen.鈥欌��

While Mr. Biden is the main focus of Wednesday鈥檚 inaugural events, Ms. Harris鈥� swearing-in will hold more symbolic weight than that of any vice president in modern times.

She will expand the definition of who gets to hold power in American politics, said Martha S. Jones, a professor of history at Johns Hopkins University and the author of 鈥淰anguard: How Black Women Broke Barriers, Won the Vote, and Insisted on Equality for All.鈥�

People who want to understand Ms. Harris and connect with her will have to learn about what it means to graduate from a historically Black college and university rather than an Ivy League school. They will have to understand Ms. Harris鈥� traditions, like the Hindu celebration of Diwali, Ms. Jones said.

鈥淔olks are going to have to adapt to her rather than her adapting to them,鈥� Ms. Jones said.

Her election to the vice presidency should be just the beginning of putting Black women in leadership positions, Ms. Jones said, particularly after the role Black women played in organizing and turning out voters in the November election.

鈥淲e will all learn what happens to the kind of capacities and insights of Black women in politics when those capacities and insights are permitted to lead,鈥� Ms. Jones said.

This story was reported by The Associated Press.