Kyle Kashuv case: What does forgiveness mean in modern America?
When is an apology not enough?
Public figures who鈥檝e expressed remorse for their abhorrent speech haven鈥檛 always been spared the consequences 鈥� not even when offenses date back many years. Kevin Hart lost out on hosting this year鈥檚 Oscars. Disney initially fired 鈥淕uardians of the Galaxy鈥� director James Gunn. And, this week, Harvard rescinded its admission offer to conservative teen activist Kyle Kashuv.
The ensuing debate over whether Mr. Kashuv should be admitted to the nation鈥檚 preeminent ivy league school hinges on whether a teenager merits a measure of grace. Answers to that question tend to reflect partisan lines. Conservatives claim that liberals鈥� judgment on the matter is clouded by bias against a Parkland School shooting survivor who is opposed to gun control. The left鈥檚 riposte is that going to Harvard and that college admissions are based on judging people by what they did when they were 16. Then they bring up instances where the right was similarly unmerciful.
Why We Wrote This
A Harvard University admissions case is raising a question that echoes widely in the age of social media: Where should the boundaries of forgiveness begin and end?
The debate might suggest perpetual gridlock in such matters. But some observers believe it鈥檚 possible to find a common framework that both facilitates tangible justice and encourages good faith among political opponents. The way forward, they say, lies in a robust dialogue of what it really means to forgive and to repent.
鈥淔orgiveness involves restorative justice in that it implies some kind of a confession and maybe also reparation. But where that kind of step has been taken, that opens the possibility of leading a different life with a different mindset,鈥� says Donald Shriver, president emeritus of Union Theological Seminary and author of 鈥淎n Ethic for Enemies: Forgiveness in Politics.鈥� 鈥淲e 海角大神s are sure that everybody has been guilty of some sin and to forget that is to is to retreat into pride and forgetfulness.鈥�
Mr. Kashuv鈥檚 transgression dates back nearly two years to when he was a minor. The teen repeatedly wrote a racial slur, used an anti-Semitic phrase (even though he is Jewish), and denigrated a girl in a series of texts and in a Google document shared among friends. (Among Mr. Kashuv鈥檚 youthful indiscretions: naively believing that what one writes online will forever remain private.) When the documents came to light last month, Mr. Kashuv offered an unequivocal mea culpa for using 鈥渃allous and inflammatory鈥� words in an attempt to be as 鈥渁s shocking as possible.鈥�
鈥榃e are wrestling with what forgiveness looks like鈥�
Harvard has said it won鈥檛 publicly comment on its decision to revoke Mr. Kashuv鈥檚 place. But plenty of other people have weighed in on the matter.
鈥淲e鈥檙e all gonna get on Twitter now and talk about this individual human being as if they are here on Earth to be a container for all of our emotions about the current political environment,鈥� says Sarah Stewart Holland, a liberal who hosts the 鈥淧antsuit Politics鈥� podcast with her conservative friend Beth Silvers.
Ms. Holland and Ms. Silvers, both mothers who live in Kentucky, approached their podcast discussion of Mr. Kashuv in ways that they advocate in their recent book, 鈥淚 Think You鈥檙e Wrong (But I鈥檓 Listening): A Guide to Grace-filled Conversations.鈥� 听
Ms. Holland says her conservative friend helped her see that too much symbolism is vested in Harvard 鈥� this discussion wouldn鈥檛 be happening if, say, Mr. Kashuv had been rejected by the University of Connecticut.
Ms. Silvers says her liberal friend helped her realize this news story is colored by other previous controversies that have obscured what she believes is the core question at the heart of this particular case.
鈥淚n the wake of the Kavanaugh hearings, especially, we are wrestling with what forgiveness looks like,鈥� says Ms. Silvers. 鈥淲ho is allowed to evolve versus who is allowed to be punished forever鈥�. That is a really different question than, 鈥榃hat is an appropriate level of accountability for a teenager, as a teenager, for saying something racist?鈥欌��
Teenagers as targets of public shaming
Until recently, it was uncommon for what some have dubbed 鈥渃ancel culture鈥� to focus on indiscretions committed before someone came of legal age. But, unlike criminal records, comments by teenagers on Twitter aren鈥檛 under seal. And increasingly, those cringeworthy posts have been retweeted in a bid to create embarrassing news stories. In December, Oklahoma quarterback Kyler Murray had just accepted the Heisman trophy when, hours later, anti-gay tweets he鈥檇 made a teenager resurfaced. Similarly, someone drew attention to Josh Hader鈥檚 inflammatory tweets as a teen at the very moment the Milwaukee Brewers pitcher was on the mound of last year鈥檚 All-Star game. Since then, two other baseball stars have had to apologize for rash comments they made during their formative years on social media.
The press, too, not only reports on faux pas by public figures during their high-school years, but also those of regular teenagers. Case in point: When a Utah girl posted a picture of herself wearing a traditional Chinese dress, which she found at a thrift store, to prom last year, many articles were written about whether she was guilty of cultural appropriation. And when a video of MAGA hat-wearing high-schoolers from Covington, Kentucky, went viral earlier this year the boy at the center of the controversy was quickly identified and vilified.
鈥淲e should not be naming and shaming kids unless this is serious criminal behavior,鈥� says Robby Soave, author of 鈥淧anic Attack: Young Radicals in the Age of Trump.鈥� 鈥淚t is now very easy to create a record of your worst behavior and have that come back to haunt you. Which means I think it鈥檚 even more important to practice forgiveness of these kinds of things.鈥� 听
An advocate for non-gun control safety measures to protect schools, Mr. Kashuv has spoken at conservative conferences and been photographed with the president. As he and others noted, the attacks have been bipartisan 鈥� coming from both the left and far-right activists such as Mike Cernovich and Laura Loomer. (Ms. Loomer did not respond to the Monitor鈥檚 request for an interview.)
鈥淭here is no genuine desire on their parts to make their target a better person, to see the error of their ways,鈥� says Stacey Matthews, a conservative columnist for North State Journal, a statewide newspaper in North Carolina. 鈥淚f it was, they'd approach the person personally rather than 鈥榦uting鈥� them. The shaming is done because of petty reasons like personal grudges or political differences.鈥�
Some commentators, including Mr. Soave, say that losing a place at Harvard is a rather harsh punishment for Mr. Kashuv, especially considering how he has comported himself since it became public.
鈥淚f someone can go through that process of reflection and come back and actually take responsibility, accountability for it as well as he has done, and still get the hammer, then what is that saying to anyone for the possibility of redemption?鈥� says Brad Cran, a self-described leftist who recently wrote an article for Quillette titled,
Consequences and character-building
Over at Slate, admissions consultant Hanna Stotland, who specializes in educational crisis management, had a diametrically opposite take.
鈥淏en Shapiro, David Brooks, and Reason鈥檚 Robby Soave have all made the same point in recent days,鈥� . 鈥淏ut these people have it backward. Kashuv has a shot at redemption because Harvard revoked his acceptance. Consequences and redemption are not in tension. In fact, they go hand in hand.鈥�
Everyday Americans may see valid observations amid the finger-pointing and whataboutism. But, at some point, others say, the restoration of civility has to start with a willingness to offer grace toward one鈥檚 opponents. Mr. Cran, who was Vancouver鈥檚 poet laureate from 2009 to 2011, says that has to start with empathy, a recognition that all of us make mistakes.
He believes there鈥檚 a reason why many people can鈥檛 bring themselves to forgive people such as Mr. Kashuv. To do so would mean they鈥檇 have to relinquish their narrative that those on the other side are evil.
鈥淚f you don鈥檛 believe in forgiveness then you鈥檙e living a cynical, glib life,鈥� he says.
But should forgiveness be unconditional?
鈥淵ou forgive someone and it鈥檚 done. If they go back on their word at a later point, that鈥檚 when the conditions start,鈥� says Ms. Matthews. 鈥淎s on the [Virginia Gov.] Ralph Northam blackface scandal, people are flawed and they鈥檙e going to make mistakes in life. But they can learn from the mistakes, be forgiven, and be better people as they get older. They don鈥檛 have to be punished for an eternity. It鈥檚 OK to accept someone鈥檚 apology and move on if you believe they are being sincere.鈥�
Other disgraced public figures have rebounded following a time-out period of atonement. Mr. Gunn was eventually reinstated as director of 鈥淕uardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3,鈥� and Kevin Hart is back on TV with his Comedy Central series 鈥淗art of the City.鈥� Mr. Kashuv鈥檚 future may well depend on how others perceive him going forward.
Ms. Silvers, for one, wonders whether his new notoriety may result in a career founded upon the identity politics of playing up a sense of victimhood. She hopes he will leave the apology tour of cable news behind and earn forgiveness through the humility of his actions.
鈥淚鈥檇 like to see proof,鈥� concurs Jeanne Safer, the liberal-leaning author of 鈥淚 Love You, but I Hate Your Politics: How to Protect your Intimate Relationships in a Poisonous Partisan World.鈥� She wishes Harvard had opted for a more Solomonic choice of delaying its decision on Mr Kashuv鈥檚 admission. 鈥淢y thought was, 鈥楬ow about giving him an extra year?鈥� Let鈥檚 see what you do.鈥�
No one possesses an emotional X-ray machine to see into Mr. Kashuv鈥檚 heart. And very few observers who鈥檝e offered judgment have endured a mass shooting or can attest, firsthand, how that experience might transform a person. Podcast host Ms. Holland, for one, offers a cautionary note about how one might view the Parkland shooting survivors.
鈥淓ven though they have become public figures, in a sense they鈥檙e still kids,鈥� she says. 鈥淎nd I think it鈥檚 important for adults, even those of us who are not actually directly connected to them, to think of them that way.鈥�
Mr. Shriver, the theologian, cautions that character-building isn鈥檛 accomplished all at once. Speaking from his personal experience of the civil rights movement, he advises that society needs to allow for a process of growth if repentance is to be achieved through understanding.
鈥淚 was born in Virginia and participated in one way or another in the customs around a segregated society. And it took me years to understand the harms that segregation did to my neighbors,鈥� he says. 鈥淭his is a learning process that we need to give people time and scope and freedom to explore. If we don鈥檛 have that freedom to explore, we will cover up the past without confessing its evils. And that鈥檚 where a certain amount of patience, what I call forbearance, is important.鈥�
