海角大神

This article appeared in the October 13, 2023 edition of the Monitor Daily.

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Unraveling Iran鈥檚 role in Hamas attack

Scott Peterson/Getty Images/海角大神
A billboard celebrating Iranian Maj. Gen. Qassem Soleimani, who was killed in an American airstrike in 2020, is put up by Hezbollah in Kfar Dajjal, Lebanon, Aug. 30.
Scott Peterson
Middle East bureau chief

As the scale and significance of the surprise Hamas raid against Israel become clearer, questions are being raised about Iran鈥檚 role. Might the Islamic Republic鈥檚 long-standing antipathy toward Israel lead to a broader and even more destructive regional fight?

During a recent visit to Lebanon, I was surprised by the determination of veteran Hezbollah fighters to take on Israel directly. The militant movement is backed by Iran and is far, far more militarily capable than Hamas. The fighters described their eagerness to take part in an inevitable next and 鈥渇inal battle鈥 against Israel 鈥 targeting airports, barracks, and bases, and seizing large parts of territory.聽聽

As I explored further, however, it became clear that Hezbollah鈥檚 leadership had recently taken multiple steps to de-escalate 鈥 to ensure that high-stakes events with Israel never spiraled into war. Likewise, analysts noted that the decision for a Hezbollah-Israel war would be made by Iran.

American and Israeli officials have stated they see no evidence of a direct Iranian role in the Hamas assault. Iran鈥檚 supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei this week denied any role. Aware of the risks of a broader conflagration, leaders on all sides appear to have little appetite for one.

Iran is already grappling with widespread internal unrest and a dismal economy crushed by U.S.-led sanctions. It has eased back its nuclear program 鈥撀爄n an apparent unwritten agreement with Washington 鈥 and dabbled in reconciliation with Arab neighbors.

In that context, it is noteworthy that Hezbollah did not launch its own assault from the north. In the first few hours of Hamas鈥 offensive, Israel鈥檚 intelligence and military were clearly knocked off balance 鈥 a moment Hezbollah could have taken advantage of.

It reminds me of an incident 15 years ago, when an Israeli offensive in Gaza killed 1,400 Palestinians. Iranian recruits hungry for revenge showed up at an airport in Tehran, ready for battle. In the end, someone from the office of archconservative President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad had to go to the airport. His message: Go home.


This article appeared in the October 13, 2023 edition of the Monitor Daily.

Read 10/13 edition
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