海角大神

At a time of high inflation, pushing household budgets to the limit, workers are speaking up through union action 鈥� and the boosts won by employees have been sizable.

Critics have called the expulsion of opposition leader Rahul Gandhi an assault on the integrity of India鈥檚 democracy 鈥撀燽ut it鈥檚 also inspiring rare unity among different parties, which could sway upcoming elections.

Some research suggests tornado risks may be shifting modestly eastward. That raises the question of whether some of the poorest U.S. states are ready to respond when a town like Rolling Fork, Mississippi, is hit.

Leaders with autocratic tendencies have flourished around the world in recent years. This week some of them have been humbled by popular pushback.

When Shirley Chisholm became the first Black congresswoman, and later, the first Black candidate to make a bid for the presidency, she paved the way for generations of Black Americans in politics.聽

Over the past half-century, nearly 50 countries have sought to heal the injustices of an internal conflict through the use of truth commissions. These official panels have no singular design, but they do share some common ingredients: full disclosure of harmful actions; restoration for victims; and a sliding scale of penalties for perpetrators based on their honesty, remorse, and the nature of their crimes. This mix of traditional justice and mercy, called transitional justice, is aimed at societal reconciliation.

Two countries in East Africa are now edging toward their own models of transitional justice. Each in its own way is showing that restoring trust between former foes is essential to reviving democracy. And that starts with humility.

In Sudan, which is Africa鈥檚 third-largest country, the military junta that seized power in a coup 17 months ago began talks this week with pro-democracy leaders to ensure the armed forces operate under civilian command. 鈥淒uring our history, the armed forces have supported dictatorial governments, and we want to put an end to that,鈥� coup leader Gen. Abdel Fattah al-Burhan told troops last Sunday.

In neighboring Ethiopia, which is Africa鈥檚 second-most populous state, the government launched a nationwide listening tour this month to engage the public on how to unite a society emerging from a devastating two-year civil war. Last week it removed two rebel factions central to that conflict from its list of terrorist groups 鈥� a conciliatory move that one minister said was necessary 鈥渢o end the politics of hatred and evil.鈥�

These fragile first steps stir understandable skepticism. Since seizing power in October 2021, the Sudanese military has racked up scores of human rights abuses attempting to quell nonviolent protests 鈥� including mass arrests and the killing of more than 125 demonstrators. Pro-democracy groups remain split over whether to seek a negotiated transition. Those who oppose such a move fear that doing so legitimizes the junta.

The war in Ethiopia killed an estimated 600,000 people. The United Nations and human rights groups like Amnesty International have reported credible evidence of ethnic cleansing and the use of rape and mass starvation as tools of war. No faction to the fighting was found to be immune to such a tactics.

The peace agreement that ended the war in Ethiopia last November was the first to include a new African Union framework for transitional justice. In January, the government published recommendations aimed at seeding a national conversation and will convene roughly 60 public meetings on reconciliation and justice.

That has won the government some cautious goodwill from the international community. A team from the International Monetary Fund arrived in Ethiopia this week to prepare financial support for economic reforms, drought relief, and reconstruction. Visiting the country earlier this month, U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken said that lasting international support required that Ethiopians acknowledge 鈥渢he atrocities committed by all parties ... and their commitments to each other鈥� to achieve equitable justice.

That condition reflects a key lesson learned in other post-conflict societies 鈥� that reconciliation, as Rwanda President Paul Kagame has said, 鈥渨as not going to come from outside.鈥� After the 1994 genocide in his country, 鈥淲e looked each other in the eyes and asked: How do we reconcile and start building? So we had to make a choice. This was the thinking. Forgiving is a process as well as a choice.鈥�

However imperfectly, Ethiopia and Sudan may now be making a similar choice.