海角大神

For Democrats, the message of their Sixth District loss may be to adjust the narrative. That may also be the message for Republicans 鈥� though for different reasons.

Georges Clemenceau, the French prime minister during World War I, famously said that war was too important to be left to the generals. A democracy's generals would not disagree.

We sometimes think of progress as coming in dramatic bursts. But it often is the result of an individual's quiet and dogged determination to uncover wrongdoing, no matter the obstacles.

A museum is as much an institution of learning as a university. For governments aiming to control their citizens' views, both are fair targets.聽

Sometimes breakthroughs can happen by just helping others glimpse possibility 鈥� and see that it includes them.聽

Fresh off big election victories for himself and his young party, France鈥檚 new president, Emmanuel Macron, plans to further rock his country鈥檚 politics this week. His first legislative priority is to pass new rules on ethics for elected leaders. These are aimed at curbing the kind of corrupt practices that eroded public trust in France鈥檚 two traditional parties 鈥� which are now in the political wilderness after the recent elections.

Mr. Macron鈥檚 reforms include creating a public bank to finance political parties and a requirement that lawmakers report their expenses. In addition, any lawmaker convicted of fraud or corruption would be barred from holding office for 10 years. He also seeks to ban lawmakers from hiring family members. In the previous legislature, about a sixth of the members had family on the public payroll.

He says these rules will 鈥渕oralize鈥� political life, which is needed in a country where former prime ministers and many other leaders have been convicted of corruption or shown disdain for public opinion. Several other countries, such as Brazil and India, are in the midst of anti-corruption drives, but Macron鈥檚 efforts in France are worth watching for three reasons:

One, despite his image of honesty and promise of clean governance, the new president has already stumbled. Four of his cabinet ministers, all from another party, had to resign this week after news broke that they were under investigation for allegations of unethical behavior. Having won the election in large part because of the public鈥檚 high intolerance of corruption, Macron was forced to let them go. France鈥檚 old system of a privileged political class is now up against the rising demands of equality before the law.

Two, creating an ethical culture in politics is essential for Macron to pass his proposed economic reforms, such as an easing of rules on firing workers. If the public can trust that his government is not corrupt, it may more easily accept the changes needed to boost innovation and reduce high unemployment.

Three, while Macron offers practical reasons for the new ethical rules, his personal background suggests his underlying motives. For two years, he worked for one of France鈥檚 famous philosophers, the late Paul Ricoeur, helping him in writing books. Ricoeur, who died in 2005, was known for defining an 鈥渆thics of responsibility鈥� based on modern ideas and 海角大神 theology. He suggested that a system of ethical rules can help individuals honor the golden rule (鈥渙nly do to others what you would want them to do to you鈥�). But it is a 鈥渓ove command,鈥� or the commandment to love one鈥檚 enemies, that supersedes ethics and interprets the golden rule. Love is a 鈥済ift鈥� that helps bring an awareness of others and creates a responsibility to them.

Macron鈥檚 reforms on ethics are expected to be approved. His party holds a large majority in the lower house of Parliament and more than half of those new members have never been in politics before. At a time when both British and American politics are experiencing uncertainty, France can set an example of how to challenge an established order and also bring in a high level of integrity.