海角大神

For the second time in five months, Turkey has turned to NATO for support in the face of Syrian attacks that have killed Turkish citizens. Unfortunately, the transatlantic alliance has responded both times with words rather than deeds.

When Syria shot down a jet plane of the Turkish Air Force in June, Turkey requested a meeting of NATO members. According to diplomatic sources, it asked the alliance to prepare contingency plans to enforce a no-fly zone in Syria. The alliance voted against this request and responded instead with a statement condemning the Syrian attack 鈥渋n the strongest terms.鈥�

After numerous mortar attacks from Syria into Turkey鈥檚 territory, Syrian shelling Oct. 3 killed five Turkish civilians. Turkey again asked NATO to meet to discuss the situation. NATO ambassadors hastily convened and issued a new statement in which the allies 鈥渟trongly condemned鈥� that attack.

NATO needs to offer Turkey more than repeated promises to follow the crisis 鈥渃losely and with great concern.鈥� As my colleague and former US Ambassador to Turkey Ross Wilson suggests, 鈥淣ATO needs to pick up its game.鈥�

The alliance鈥檚 response to Turkey during this escalating crisis is being closely scrutinized in Turkey and the region, and will have powerful repercussions. If NATO persists in offering only paper promises to Turkey, the perception that the alliance lacks the political will to back up allies even if they are attacked will be a major blow to NATO鈥檚 credibility.聽

It is also not in NATO鈥檚 interests to disappoint the country with the second largest army within the alliance. Perceived failure to live up to its alliance obligations will further weaken public support for NATO within Turkey. Europe and the United States can鈥檛 afford a rift with what some describe as the only functioning Muslim democracy in the greater Middle East 鈥� a country with unmatched geostrategic, economic, and cultural value in the region.

What can NATO do for Turkey?

Too much attention has been focused on the question of invoking Article 5, the alliance鈥檚 mutual defense clause. Even during the many crises of the cold war, Article 5 was never invoked.

In fact, the only time it has been exercised was after the 9/11 attacks against the United States. As tangible evidence of alliance solidarity, NATO sent seven radar aircraft (Airborne Warning and Control System, or AWACS) with crews from 13 NATO countries to help patrol American skies.

Apart from this isolated case, the transatlantic alliance has successfully overcome crises without invoking Article 5. This is because NATO members have many options to support and reinforce one another without having to turn to the mutual defense clause. These options should be considered now.

For example, before the US-led coalition invaded Saddam Hussein鈥檚 Iraq in 2003, Turkey requested a meeting with its allies, under Article 4 of the NATO treaty, to discuss how the alliance could help Turkey deter an attack from Iraq. Article 4 allows any member to request consultation when, in the opinion of any of them, their territorial integrity, political independence, or security is threatened. After what NATO politely described as an 鈥渋ntense debate,鈥� the alliance approved Operation Display Deterrence which deployed 鈥減recautionary defensive measures to ensure Turkey鈥檚 security.鈥�

These measures included sending four AWACS radar aircraft and five Patriot air defense batteries, as well as equipment for chemical and biological defense. Over all, NATO members deployed more than 1,000 鈥渢echnically advanced and highly capable forces鈥� to support Turkey during the Iraq conflict.

NATO made the right call at that time by responding to Turkey鈥檚 plea for help by sending tangible aid instead of only diplomatic statements. These actions had a direct and positive impact on Turkey.

Ankara鈥檚 then-ambassador to NATO, Ahmet 脺z眉mc眉, thanked the alliance for its solidarity: 鈥淲e are convinced that, through such an active and collective display of deterrence, NATO has not only extended a much-appreciated helping hand to one of its members in her hour of need, but also proven, once again, its credibility and relevance as the cornerstone of collective security in the Euro-Atlantic area.鈥�

Turkey has suffered multiple attacks and loss of life from Syria. Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdo臒an has responded to this crisis with great patience and moderation, but diplomatic sources have made it clear that Turkey is tired of bearing so much of this burden all alone.

It is time for NATO to send proportional support to Turkey during its hour of need. Reinforcing this embattled ally with a small number of AWACS radar aircraft and/or units from the NATO rapid reaction force will strengthen Ankara militarily and politically.

It will also send a powerful message to the Assad regime in Syria and its allies to prevent any further attacks against Turkey. By acting now, NATO can help de-escalate the confrontation along the Turkish-Syrian border and decrease the possibility of Turkey intervening unilaterally in Syria.

Any member of NATO deserves such minimal support from its allies after its military and people have been attacked. The time is now for NATO to offer Turkey more than words of support.

Jorge Benitez is director of the blog and a senior fellow at the Atlantic Council.