海角大神

We鈥檙e rude and crass and unthinking on the Internet for the same reason it鈥檚 easier to blow up people when you鈥檙e piloting a drone from 6,000 miles away.

Psychologists call it 鈥渕oral disengagement.鈥� The further removed we are from the consequences of our actions, the easier it is to emotionally separate ourselves from our own behavior. Distance makes the heart grow colder.

That鈥檚 one reason the Internet is filled with so much bad behavior. We see it on blogs, where vicious comments are posted by cowards who hide behind the cloak of anonymity. We see it, particularly among young people, in social media like Facebook and MySpace, where cyberbullying has had tragic consequences. And we see it in casual e-mails

There are other reasons for bad behavior online. It鈥檚 a convenient outlet. We get frustrated easily these days, and if an e-mail with the slightest provocation shows up at the wrong time, we unleash that frustration.

Is there a big social problem with the way we鈥檙e interacting with one another online? Is there a need for a new era of Internet etiquette 鈥� or 鈥渘etiquette,鈥漚s it is sometimes called? Yes, and yes.

The current level of anger and hostility online is another rip, and a big one, in our social fabric. Of course, it also mirrors much of what goes on inthe world at large, particularly in politics and media. The name-calling, the histrionics, the insults that are part of our cable-TV culture find their daily analogues in the way we communicate online.

Can this change? While there doesn鈥檛 seem a lot of reason for optimism, there is no doubt that broad behavioral and social change is possible. It has happened before.

Consider, for example Westerners who come back from traveling in Asia often report, with horror, that people there routinely spit on the street.

But what they forget, or don鈥檛 know, is that in America (and in hypercivilized England), people used to spit on the street all the time, up through the beginning of the 20th century. All those spittoons bought in antique shops and now used for clever contemporary purposes once had a far more mucousy intent.

Social changes happen gradually. They are driven by social pressure and by a desire to identify with a higher social class. Pejorative racial and ethnic epithets used to be commonplace in social environments and the workplace. The same with inappropriate sexual comments, (watch Mad Men).

Today, if you spit or sound like Archie Bunker, it鈥檚 bad for your reputation, or your personal brand.

That鈥檚 one way for Internet etiquette to become a new kind of normative activity 鈥� through the ostracism that comes from exhibiting embarrassing bad behavior. In that way, Facebook, Twitter, and other public and quasi-public platforms actually can be useful. They serve as social amplifiers that expose bad actors to their personal networks 鈥� the very group that鈥檚 most important to their reputations.

There鈥檚 also a role for technology in enforcing better behavior. Specifically, why not use technology to implement some of the principles of behavioral economics? By doing so, we can then establish incentives to change behavior. It鈥檚 called the 鈥渘udge鈥� theory.

For example, imagine a 鈥淲rite and Save鈥� feature as part of an e-mail platform. You could opt into the feature, which would hold your e-mails for a period of time that you choose before they are released. That would give you time to cool off, reflect, and reconsider. It could even be designed with filters 鈥� so any e-mail to a specific client, or your boss, would automatically activate Write and Save.

Another idea would be to develop an auto-flag system that would deliver a pop-up message whenever you use an expletive. (Call it South Park tech.) It鈥檚 the same principle: giving you a chance to fight the Internet quick-send reflex, to break the synapse between outraged brain and complaint fingers.

Technology is capable of bringing out the best in us. Much of the ecosystem around e-mail 鈥� its immediacy, its instant gratification, its role as an outlet for hostility 鈥� amplifies the worst.

But as e-mail matures, as we become more aware of its ability to damage our reputation, and as social pressure mounts, we can temper some of the worst.

Adam Hanft is a marketing consultant and journalist. He is also a coauthor of the 鈥淒ictionary of the Future.鈥� A version of this essay was originally published on Computerworld.com

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