海角大神

Germans vociferously objected to US surveillance after Edward Snowden revealed the vast scope of National Security Agency聽spying.聽So, when聽the European Court of Justice ruled in October to dismantle Safe Harbor, the legal arrangement that let American companies transfer Europeans' data to the US, Berlin policymakers celebrated Europeans taking a stand for their right to privacy and digital sovereignty.聽

But how things change. In a matter of months, after Islamic State terrorists killed 130 people in Paris and the refugee flows聽remain unabated, many Germans聽now recognize that intelligence cooperation with the US may be a price worth paying to combat聽threats dangerously close to home.

In fact, a recent poll found that a聽majority of Germans聽cited cooperation between the NSA and Germany's spy agency as normal and necessary. It also found聽that only 25 percent of Germans are concerned that companies have illegal access to their personal data; even less are urgently concerned about surveillance measures by the government. And another recent poll found that聽57 percent of Germans think their country is threatened and 58 percent agree to military support in the fight against the Islamic State.

Those views represent a sea change in opinion since last聽spring, when聽81 percent of Germans were against US government spying on the Internet and cellphones,聽according to Amnesty International survey.

But the Paris attacks and other threats from聽the聽Islamic State, in addition to the Syrian refugee crisis, has聽ushered in an atmosphere of palpable threats in German society and attitudes toward security have shifted dramatically.聽

While Germans still hold their privacy rights sacred, there's a real concern that terrorists may soon strike inside Germany.

On Jan. 7, the one-year anniversary of the Charlie Hebdo attack in Paris,聽was marked by a foiled knife attack at a Paris police station. The assailant possessed an Islamic State-associated flag and was reported to be a refugee residing in a shelter in Germany. Additionally,聽news of refugees accosting women in the shadow of the Cologne cathedral have sharpened the debate about Germany鈥檚 capacity to absorb the refugees into the fabric of German society.

In addition to the stress of the refugee crisis on German society,聽an uptick of far-right extremism is also a growing security threat.聽Attacks on refugee shelters last year quadrupled in comparison to 2014. Just a few weeks ago, police dispersed聽more than 200 right-wing rioters in the city of Leipzig.

Suddenly, Germany is in the eye of a storm swirling with external and internal security threats. While popular opinion shouldn鈥檛 drive public policy, lawmakers should recognize that Germans' threat perception is now on par with Britain and France, traditional military allies of the US.聽The French and British have tipped the balance between security and privacy toward the former. And, as a result, leaders there are considering laws that mimic expired provisions in America's Patriot Act.

Due to its history as well as current security considerations, Germany is uniquely positioned to work with the EU and the US to press for robust transatlantic intelligence cooperation that both respects privacy as a human right and enhances security. A dose of reality in the German discourse about security in a crisis-ridden world will allow transatlantic partners to take Germany's privacy concerns more seriously instead of brushing them off as naive.

Germany has matured to a point that a knee-jerk aversion to military force is not the norm and most Germans would agree that democratic states rely on intelligence services to protect a values-based liberal order. Germany can keep its badge as the vanguard for protecting privacy and civil liberties while beefing up intelligence cooperation with its allies that all adhere to democratic principles.

Sudha David-Wilp is a German Marshall Fund senior transatlantic fellow and deputy director of its Berlin office. Follow her on Twitter聽@SudhaDavidWilp.