海角大神

Across the United Kingdom, as the COVID-19 crisis has bitten deeper, its citizens have started a new ritual: Emerging from self-isolation every Thursday night at 8 p.m. to clap, cheer, and bang pots and pans to show support for the country鈥檚 front-line doctors and nurses.

Each week the crescendo of gratitude has grown louder, sometimes punctuated by the blast of fireworks, filling otherwise becalmed neighborhoods briefly with appreciative noise for those at the tip of the spear, as they battle the spread of the coronavirus.

But as the death toll today hit a single-day U.K. record of 980 鈥� and with the peak death rate still estimated to be two weeks away 鈥� the crisis caused by the scale of the pandemic has been compounded here by a new degree of political uncertainty. Prime Minister Boris Johnson was admitted to the hospital on Sunday and has spent his days and nights in intensive care fighting the virus, surrounded by the doctors and nurses of the National Health Service.

鈥淭hey鈥檝e had a tough week,鈥� said Joan, a 60-something Briton, as she banged on a frying pan on her west London porch last night, referring to key workers. 鈥淭hey鈥檙e amazing,鈥� she said, as her suburban neighborhood joined in the rallying cry.

Editor鈥檚 note: As a public service, all our coronavirus coverage聽is free. No paywall.

The U.K. is not alone in showing newfound public affection for key workers, nor in facing an unprecedented public health emergency that has, in Europe, especially ravaged Italy, Spain, and France. A recent U.K. government appeal for 250,000 volunteers to help the NHS cope yielded an army of 750,000 would-be helpers, precipitating a temporary stop to clear the backlog.

But the pandemic finds the U.K. at a politically precarious moment, as a nation finally emerging from 3 1/2 years of political gridlock over its chaotic departure from the European Union. A December election that gave a decisive victory to Mr. Johnson and the ruling Conservative Party added clarity to a Brexit mandate and was seen by many as a potential first step in healing deep divisions in Britain鈥檚 political and social fabric.

Acknowledging the impact of the coronavirus on daily lives, Queen Elizabeth II, in a rare address on Sunday, praised the 鈥渘ational spirit鈥� and thanked NHS and care workers, whose 鈥渆very hour鈥� of hard work 鈥渂rings us closer to a return to a more normal time.鈥�

Calling on citizens to 鈥渞emain united and resolute鈥� to overcome the pandemic, she sought to provide comfort. 鈥淲hile we may have still more to endure, better days will return. ... We will meet again,鈥� she said.

鈥淲ho鈥檚 in charge now?鈥�

Yet within an hour of hearing those words that would resonate widely, Britons learned that Mr. Johnson had been rushed to the hospital, raising the specter of a leadership vacuum that, amid the pandemic, renewed a sense of political uncertainty.

The sense of uncertainty 鈥渙perates on a number of levels, and they鈥檙e all destabilizing,鈥� says Steven Fielding, an expert on British politics and political history at the University of Nottingham.

鈥淭he very fact that the prime minister had been taken to hospital was something people genuinely found a bit disturbing,鈥� says Professor Fielding.

鈥淭hey were concerned about how decisions would be made, and obviously political journalists have been trying to follow, 鈥榃ho鈥檚 actually in charge now?鈥欌�� he says. For others, it was more symbolic: If the prime minister could fall seriously ill, so could everyone.

Mr. Johnson was returned to a normal hospital ward late Thursday after spending three nights in intensive care. His father, Stanley Johnson, told the BBC today how touched he had been by the outpouring of support the family had received, and said his son would need time to fully recover.

The U.K.鈥檚 unwritten constitution does not spell out a clear succession process if a prime minister is incapacitated.

Mr. Johnson had already shepherded several key decisions about the national lockdown, and a 拢350 million financial rescue package that was adopted by lawmakers on March 17. That means, for now, that Foreign Secretary Dominic Raab, who is deputized to act for Mr. Johnson, is unlikely to have to make any critical moves.

Nearly 9,000 people have died from the virus in the U.K., with more than 65,000 confirmed cases.

With the Easter weekend looming, Mr. Raab said Thursday a decision to ease restrictions was at least another week away. He told a press briefing that he had not spoken to Mr. Johnson since he was admitted to the hospital, but that the government has 鈥済ot this covered.鈥� Mr. Raab said he has 鈥渁ll the authority I need鈥� to make decisions.

Indeed, Mr. Johnson鈥檚 temporary incapacitation 鈥渋s not necessarily a crisis for the British political system,鈥� says Vernon Bogdanor, a professor of government at King鈥檚 College, London, in an analysis for Foreign Policy that tabulates the absences of past prime ministers.

During World War II, for example, Winston Churchill had bouts of pneumonia, and in 1953, an incapacitating stroke, but remained prime minister on both occasions, even as others were deputized to preside.

Austerity budget blues

But severe social inequalities across the U.K., a wealthy country that has pockets of deep deprivation not seen in its European peers, may have lasting, post-crisis impact.聽

When Mr. Johnson was shown clapping for health workers last Thursday at the door of 10 Downing Street, for example, social media erupted with charges of hypocrisy, pointing to a decade of Conservative-led austerity budgets that especially pared down the NHS.

There is a shortage of intensive care beds, and some health care workers have been forced to buy their own protective gear. A survey of nearly 3,500 nurses published Friday found that two-thirds did not feel they had access to sufficient safety equipment. Just under a third had bought their own.

And a Royal College of Nursing study last September that found a shortage of 40,000 nurses in England alone.

鈥淔rom defunding nurse training to selling off parts of the NHS to private companies, the Tory party in power has hobbled the healthcare system鈥檚 ability to deal with the everyday, let alone the exceptional,鈥� wrote one Guardian columnist last week.

That has meant online skepticism of social media campaigns like #PrayForBoris.

Still, citizens have rallied together, evoking the memories of the spirit of community and selfless volunteerism that rose during World War II, which were echoed by the queen.

Revisiting the Blitz spirit聽

Yet it remains to be seen how deeply British society might change after the pandemic threat recedes, if World War II is any guide. 鈥淚 wouldn鈥檛 like to say it鈥檚 a new kind of spirit,鈥� says Professor Fielding, who has authored several books on Britain鈥檚 postwar political history.

Back then, people had discovered purpose and solidarity in a conflict that followed a period that poet W.H. Auden called a 鈥渓ow dishonest decade,鈥� in which those qualities were seen as missing in action.

鈥淧eople are volunteering to go into bombers to fly over Germany and face almost near-certain death, in order to win this war, on behalf of everybody,鈥� says Mr. Fielding. 鈥淭hey鈥檙e literally sacrificing their lives.

鈥淎nd people said at the time: 鈥榃e鈥檝e now got a new kind of citizenship, which will go forward into the world, after the war.鈥� It didn鈥檛 quite work out like that, so people went back largely to how they had been before,鈥� he says.

鈥淏ut the crisis did reveal some people鈥檚 capacity to think about others, rather than themselves. And, of course, that is quite inspiring.鈥�

Editor鈥檚 note: As a public service, all our coronavirus coverage聽is free. No paywall.