海角大神

Chinese President Xi Jinping says his country will aim to stop adding to the global warming problem by 2060.

Mr. Xi鈥檚 announcement during a speech Tuesday to the General Assembly is a significant step for the world鈥檚 biggest emitter of greenhouse gases.

Calling for a 鈥済reen revolution,鈥� Mr. Xi said the coronavirus pandemic had shown the need to preserve the environment.

鈥淗umankind can no longer afford to ignore the repeated warnings of nature,鈥� he said.

Citing the Paris Agreement that he and former United States President Barack Obama helped forge in 2015, Xi said his country would raise its聽emissions reduction targets with 鈥渧igorous policies and measures.鈥�

鈥淲e aim to have CO2 emissions peak before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality before 2060,鈥� he said.

The term 鈥渃arbon neutrality鈥� means releasing no additional CO2 into the atmosphere, though technically it allows countries to keep emitting if they ensure that an equal amount is captured again in some form.

The announcement was cheered by climate campaigners. Greenpeace executive director Jennifer Morgan called it 鈥渁n important signal鈥� that showed climate change is 鈥渢op of agenda for China.鈥�

It鈥檚 鈥渁 big shift for curbing emissions and a significant step forward in international cooperation,鈥� U.N. climate chief Patricia Espinosa said.

The goal will be a challenge for China, which relies heavily for its electricity on coal, one of the most carbon-intensive fossil fuels.

China released the equivalent of 10 billion tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere in 2018, according to the Global Carbon Project, which tracks emissions worldwide. That was almost twice as much as the U.S. and three times as much as the European Union.

Several other major emitters have set earlier deadlines, with the EU aiming to be carbon neutral by 2050. Frans Timmermans, who leads the EU executive鈥檚 efforts on climate change, welcomed Mr. Xi鈥檚 announcement.

鈥淲e need decisive action from every country to keep temperatures under control, tackle climate change, and keep our planet inhabitable,鈥� he said.

The U.S. has so far not set such a goal. President Donald Trump, who once described climate change as a hoax invented by China, has started the process of pulling the U.S. out of the Paris accord.

If China fulfills Mr. Xi鈥檚 goal, it could prevent 0.4 to 0.7 degrees Fahrenheit in further warming for the world, according to聽鈥漹ery rough estimates鈥� by MIT management professor John Sterman, who models and tracks emission reductions and pledges with Climate Interactive.

But much depends on how they do their emissions reduction and how soon they cut them, he said, adding he has to do a more thorough analysis.

鈥淭hat鈥檚 a lot,鈥� Mr. Sterman said. 鈥淐hina鈥檚 by far the world鈥檚 big emitter. They鈥檙e emitting more than the EU and U.S. together.鈥欌��

鈥淚t puts a lot more pressure on the United States,鈥� he said.

Perhaps even more important than the carbon neutrality pledge is the effort to reach peak carbon dioxide emissions before 2030 instead of by 2030, Mr. Sterman said. Carbon dioxide鈥檚 more than 100-year lifetime in the air makes earlier emission cuts more effective than promises in the future, he said.

鈥淓missions that don鈥檛 happen between now and 2030 are going to reduce warming a lot more than the same emission reductions after 2060,鈥� Mr. Sterman said.

However, pledges are not the same as actions. What鈥檚 needed is signs of action, such as eliminating plans to build new coal-fired power plants, cutting subsidies for coal power, and getting off coal entirely, Mr. Sterman said. Coal is the biggest carbon dioxide emitter of power sources.

Twenty-nine nations before China have pledged to achieve climate neutrality in different years, according to the Carbon Neutrality Coalition.

With China, the 30 countries that have some kind of carbon neutrality pledges account for about 43% of the world鈥檚 carbon dioxide emissions from the burning of fossil fuels. The largest polluting countries not on the list are the U.S., India, Russia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Indonesia, South Africa, Turkey, Brazil, and Australia.

This story was reported by The Associated Press.