海角大神

Late on Saturday morning, in true African time, a ramrod Cyril Ramaphosa delivered a flinty speech that was not only a preamble to the ANC鈥檚 verdict on youth leader Julius Malema, but a warning sign to the rest of the party: Ill-discipline will not be tolerated. By upholding the guilty verdict, the National Disciplinary Committee of Appeals stripped Malema of his power and with no real support outside of the African National Congress Youth League structures, and with the tax collector, public protector, and Special Investigative Unit closing in on him, it would take a miracle of biblical proportions to resurrect this cadre鈥檚 political career from the tomb it鈥檚 been chucked in.

But was the ANC鈥檚 decision disciplining or silencing the ANC Youth League?

Before Julius Malema entered the political scene, there was very little public discourse on the acute socio-economic issues faced by a growing number of young South Africans today. After 18 years of political freedom, more than half of South Africans under the age of 25 remain unemployed -- among the highest jobless rates in the world. Many live idly with few prospects of ever being employed. The promise of education as the gateway to a better life remains questionable on a good day, as too few are able to meet the requirements necessary to enter into higher education institutions. For those who do qualify for university admission, the competition for a place in a university has intensified, as the country simply does not have enough institutions of higher learning. The bulk of South Africa鈥檚 youth has been relegated to front row seats to watch a small portion of the country live Mandela鈥檚 dream.

Malema鈥檚 political career may have been short-lived, but the issues that gave rise to his popularity continue to plague the country. Despite Malema not being the preferred candidate for the role of vanguard for the poor, there is concern that the ANC used its disciplinary processes to shut -down the debate on nationalization of mines in South Africa, rather than enforcing discipline within its ranks.

The ANC was forced to investigate nationalization as a possible alternative policy largely because of the pressure exerted by the league. Since 1994, the ANC has generally leaned toward mainstream growth development models supplemented by welfare and job creation initiatives as the main strategy to improve socio-economic conditions. Adam Smith鈥檚 promise of a trickling down of wealth has, however, failed in South Africa just as we鈥檝e seen it fail in more 鈥渄eveloped鈥� economies. Like their global counter-parts, ordinary South Africans are no longer buying into capitalists鈥� solution and are ready to hear alternatives.

Albeit badly handled, the nationalisation debate was the first time that a larger portion of the country took part in a national discussion on the economic path that South Africa is on. Serious questions were raised on the efficacy of current policies, and even though it was from structures within the ANC, the debate was youth driven. It was not a sexy or nation-building topic, and it was bound to make those in the wealthier classes uncomfortable, but it was a natural next step for a country whose citizens had been cordial with each other for too long, afraid to ask the difficult questions about the inequitable status quo.

Malema鈥檚 call for nationalization of mines and banks and expropriation of land, although not on the official charge sheet, until this morning, was seen by many to be the real reason why the ANC acted firmly and decisively against the ANC Youth League leadership. Capitalists who had popped champagne at the young leader鈥檚 downfall were forced to spit their Moet back in the bottle when the ANC鈥檚 Secretary General Gwede Mantashe announced at a press conference in Luthuli house this morning, that nationalization was 鈥渘ot a Malema issue, but an ANC issue.鈥� The ANC may have been seeking to reassure its youth members in particular, that the decisive actions taken against the ANCYL president were not meant to close the discussion on alternative economic policies for development. However, the nationalization debate is back in the corridors of Luthuli House and no longer encouraged for robust public debate.

If this was a move by the ANC to shut down dissenting opinion on economic policy, it is not a wise one, because South Africa鈥檚 youth will not go hungry indefinitely. Political and economic decisions cannot continue to be made far from the prying eyes of those who are expected to religiously vote for the ANC while accepting all its decisions without question.

More broadly, South Africans must accept that the honeymoon phase of the Rainbow Nation鈥檚 marriage is over. The Malema-induced fear that engulfed the wealthier classes is also a reflection of a nation that does not trust the strength of the democratic institutions in the country. Celebrating Malema鈥檚 demise simply because he made certain classes uncomfortable is not a win for the young democracy. If South Africa is to move toward a meaningful democratic and economic solution for all its citizens, there must be better engagement on difficult discussions required to move the country forward between people from different social and economic backgrounds.

Once the dust clears and wounds heal, the ANCYL will have to pick a new leader to carry its cause to the Mangaung conference. There鈥檚 already growing speculation that Ronald Lomola may be the next leader, a man described by a Mail & Guardian source as 鈥渕ore aggressive than Julius (Malema) and ... without the abrasiveness.鈥� It鈥檚 still early to tell whether a new boogie-man is being created or whether, if elected, the lawyer will better articulate the youth message without the distractions from questionable lifestyle choices. What is clear is that Malema鈥檚 political career may be buried, but the issues remain unaddressed.

As South Africans, we assume that our society is stable, developed, and incapable of the kinds of outbreaks that occurred in North Africa early last year.聽But the recurring xenophobic attacks, and the violence of service delivery protests should be a signal that there is still much for this country to resolve. If there is indeed truth the saying that 鈥渄emocracy lives in the ANC,鈥� it would not be in South Africa鈥檚 best interest for the ANC to muffle its youth.

--- Zama Ndlovu writes about South African news and social issues on the Mail & Guardian's blog page, Thought Leader.

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