海角大神

One might expect that Pop Warner, the nation's largest youth football program, would flinch at the release of a聽trailer for the upcoming Will Smith film "Concussion."聽

The movie chronicles the work of Nigerian forensic pathologist聽Bennet Omalu, who found National Football League players suffering brain injuries resulting from concussions.

聽But聽thanks to football education programs already in place, Pop Warner officials say the film may not have the kind of negative impact on youth participation as earlier revelations about head trauma risks associated with the sport.

Pop Warner suffered a 9.5 percent聽participation drop聽between 2010-12, which was attributed to rising public concerns over concussions in the NFL,聽according to a 2013 ESPN report.

鈥淭his is not a new story and we鈥檙e very confident that our numbers will not be affected by the film coming out,鈥� says Pop Warner director of media relations Josh Pruce in a telephone interview. 鈥淚 won鈥檛 have 2015 numbers for a while but I can tell you that since 2012 our numbers have basically stabled-off at 225,000 participants.鈥�

Mr. Pruce adds that 鈥淪ince concussions became a major concern, we have done quite a few things to help educate coaches, players, and parents and to improve our programs.鈥�

"All of our head coaches and assistant coaches have to take the training for 'Heads Up Football' from USA Football,鈥� says Pruce. 鈥淲e have also implemented a series of rules over the years: One of those is 鈥榃hen in Doubt Sit Out鈥� ... And we changed our contact rules limiting the amount of contact to only one-third of the practice time.鈥�

USA Football is the governing body for amateur football, and is supported financially by the NFL and the National Football League's聽Players鈥� Association (NFLPA聽)

Football isn鈥檛 the only sport with the potential to cause repeated concussions. Both聽Pop Warner聽football and youth聽hockey聽leagues have seen a marked decline in enrollment in the years since Bennet Omalu, the subject of the Will Smith film, first announced his findings on traumatic brain injuries resulting from concussions. Dr. Omalu conducted the autopsy of Pittsburgh Steelers center聽Mike Webster聽in 2002, which led to his discovery of a disease 鈥� believed to be caused by repeated head trauma 鈥撀爐hat he named chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE).

The NFLPA聽estimates that 70 percent of all current NFL Players got their start in Pop Warner programs, which start聽at age 5 and go through age 15.聽

While the decline in youths participating in Pop Warner may have leveled off, a few cases of pro players leaving the game prematurely 鈥� and a lawsuit filed against Pop Warner this year 鈥� may have served to keep the number youths entering Pop Warner from rising.

A "minor concussion" led to the early retirement in March of聽Chris Borland聽who, at age 24, told his NFL team he was retiring because he feared the long-term effects of head trauma. Mr. Borland, of Wisconsin, had signed a nearly $3 million contract for four seasons with the San Francisco 49ers and banked a $600,000 bonus.

Also coming out of Wisconsin is a $5 million wrongful death聽lawsuit, which was filed聽in February against Pop Warner by the mother of Joseph Chernach, 25, a Hixton, Wisc., man, who committed suicide in 2012.聽The suit claims the young player suffered from CTE brought on by playing Pop Warner football from the age of 11.

Duck Creek, Wisc. Pop Warner President Mike Plummer says that his youth program was part of a USA Football pilot safety program, which started three years ago to improve training and game play techniques. The "Heads Up" training is now a national program, and he says Pop Warner enrollment in Duck Creek, 鈥渋s actually up this year by about 15 to 20 kids this year.鈥�

鈥淲e lost, oh boy, quite a few number of kids and we鈥檙e actually on the way back up now,鈥� Mr. Plummer says in a phone interview. 鈥淧arents are getting educated. I believe that it initially started as a panic with all the negative press and everything else. I think some parents might have hit the panic button.鈥�

Plummer adds, 鈥淏ut also there was cause for concern with the things that were being taught as compared with what we鈥檙e teaching now with the USA Football program. Now we鈥檙e teaching a whole new way of blocking and tackling.鈥�

Asked if he plans to see the new Will Smith film Pruce says, 鈥淲ell, I think there are other films I鈥檓 more excited about seeing, like Star Wars, but I will get to it because I believe we all need to continue to get educated in every way we possibly can.鈥�