海角大神

Ever wanted to wrap yourself in a soft sculpture or run your hands across a canvas? From scratch-n-sniff paintings to 3D pictures paired with sounds, multisensory art is a small but steadily growing niche in the museum world, providing more artists with opportunities to consider different ways to help viewers interact with and be moved by their art.聽

In 2015, for example, London鈥檚 Tate Britain Museum featured 鈥淪ensorium,鈥� which included tastes, sounds, and smells designed to trigger feelings or make certain colors seem more intense. In 2014, the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York worked with a visiting artist to create 鈥淢ultisensory Met,鈥� which added sound and smell to small replicas of the museum鈥檚 famous sculptures. Recently in Watertown, Massachusetts, the Dorothy and Charles Mosesian Center for the Arts let visitors to get up close and personal by touching and feeling pieces of fine art in 鈥淧lease Touch the Art.鈥�

While these kinds of exhibits draw all kinds of patrons, museums and artists are increasingly collaborating with members of blind and visually impaired communities to reconsider how art is shared in their spaces.聽

鈥淚nstead of walking into a museum and having it be just a quiet place where not much is going on, [a multisensory exhibit] brings a museum space to life,鈥� says Norma Crosby, president of the National Federation of the Blind of Texas, who has consulted with museums. 鈥淚t definitely also empowers museums to think of other ways of making their exhibits interactive.鈥澛�

Exhibits like 鈥淧lease Touch the Art鈥� and others are not just about touching fine art, observers say. It鈥檚 about creating a unique experience for all museum visitors by inviting them to engage all five senses to connect more fully with the artist鈥檚 intention, says Georgina Kleege, who teaches creative writing and disability studies at the University of California, Berkeley. While informational encounters are helpful, such as audio tours, more aesthetic experiences are more rewarding 鈥� for both blind and sighted art patrons.聽

鈥淩eally, it's only through touch that 鈥� all the qualities of the work are released,鈥� says Professor Kleege, who juried and curated 鈥淧lease Touch the Art.鈥� Professor Kleege, who is blind, says these haptic encounters are crucial to exhibit engagement.聽

John Olson, founder of 3D Photoworks in New York, agrees. Mr. Olson develops touchable versions of famous works for museums around the country. The three-dimensional pieces incorporate braille descriptions, textured surfaces, touch-triggered sounds, and sometimes even scent. In his rendition of 鈥淕eorge Washington Crossing the Delaware,鈥� an audio component allows visitors to hear water splashing against creaking wood as a narrator recounts historical details about that moment.聽

鈥淭he stimulant of scent can be very powerful,鈥� says Mr. Olson. 鈥淲hen you can smell the water, when you can smell the gunfire, it helps 鈥� create that mental picture.鈥�

In Watertown, 鈥淧lease Touch the Art鈥� grew out of a suggestion from a designer who wanted to rethink how to convey meaning for different audiences, says Aneleise Ruggles, director of exhibitions at the Mosesian Center. To think beyond sight was a challenge taken up enthusiastically by 40 artists who created 52 pieces for 鈥淧lease Touch the Art.鈥�

鈥淚nherently, visual art doesn鈥檛 have another way of engaging on site,鈥� says Ms. Ruggles. 鈥淲e see [鈥楶lease Touch the Art鈥� as] much less as an exhibit for blind people. We see it much more as an exhibit that doesn't exclude people who are blind or have low vision.鈥澛�

Adding a new level of interaction to art also cultivates shared experiences between patrons by encouraging conversation and connection, she adds, as visitors discuss the sensory details of a piece.

鈥淭hat people of all abilities and all interests and all perspectives are able to come and engage with the same work of art is really important to us,鈥� says Ms. Ruggles.

During the final weeks of 鈥淧lease Touch the Art,鈥� one group of patrons with visual impairments appeared particularly focused. At first, tentative hands passed over the cool, vibrant, sharp-edged tiles that formed a wide-eyed fish in Jean Cummiskey鈥檚 鈥淕o Fish.鈥澛�

One man was drawn to the textured blue canvas of Claudia Ravaschiere and Michael Moss鈥檚 鈥淲hirl.鈥� As he ran his hands over the canvas, soft synthesizer music followed his movements, creating a unique composition.

By the end of the tour, the visitors had lost all shyness about touching the pieces and they encouraged each other and wrapped themselves up in hanging felt and stuffed velvet.

Standing in front of Julia Csek枚鈥檚 鈥淓mbracers,鈥� one visitor lifted up a long, batting-stuffed arm, first lacing it鈥檚 soft fingers with her own, and then handing another to her friend, draping the black velvety arm around his neck, as she twirled the arm she held like boa.聽

Exhibits that invite patrons to interact with artwork have the potential to change perceptions of what is considered fine art, but it won鈥檛 happen overnight, says Professor Kleege. 鈥淎rt audiences as well as art critics and scholars will need to come up with new ways of understanding what art is and what it can do,鈥� as well as 鈥渁 way to talk about what artists are doing when they produce work meant to be touched.鈥�