Iraq shrugs off low oil prices, boosts oil output to record levels
Despite a steep decline in oil prices and violence that descended upon Iraq last year, the country is producing oil at record levels.
Despite a steep decline in oil prices and violence that descended upon Iraq last year, the country is producing oil at record levels.
Despite oil prices at their lowest levels in five years, Iraq is producing at record levels.
For the month of December, Iraq聽produced聽nearly 4 million barrels per day, according to Oil Minister Adel Abdul Mahdi, an all-time high for the war-torn country. That is critical for a government that depends on oil for more than 90 percent of its revenues. Rather than paring back production levels to stop a price slide, Iraq is doing what all rational actors are aiming to do (if they can): produce more oil to make up for lost revenues from rock bottom prices.
鈥淏ecause of the new challenges, especially the price of oil, Iraq has to try its best to raise it oil production and exports,鈥 Deputy Prime Minister Rowsch Nuri Shaways聽said聽in Davos, Switzerland on January 21.
OPEC has continuously vowed to let the market sort itself out rather than try to fix falling prices, which has the oil cartel staring down high-cost production in North America. In its latest聽monthly report, OPEC reported an uptick in production 鈥 the 12-member group produced an average of 30.2 million barrels per day (bpd) in December, about 142,000 bpd more than the previous month. The increase came almost entirely from Iraq, which does not operate under the OPEC quota. Iraq managed to boost monthly output by 285,000 bpd, more than offsetting a decline of 184,000 bpd in Libya.(Related:聽Iraq Could Be Oil Market Linchpin)
And more is on the way. Iraq plans on doubling oil exports from its fields in the north near Kirkuk. Currently, the Kirkuk fields export just 150,000 bpd, but pending pipeline upgrades will allow that figure to rise to 300,000 bpd 鈥渋n the coming few weeks,鈥澛燼ccording聽to an official with Kirkuk鈥檚 oil and gas committee.
With production set to climb further, U.S. shale producers will be under even greater pressure. There is a lot of talk about breakeven prices for OPEC members and the stress they are under, but early evidence suggests they have an edge. OPEC production is inching upwards and U.S. shale producers are in the midst of slashing spending. That could allow the oil cartel to shore up its market share.
Iraq is defying the odds 鈥 it managed to overcome an ISIS insurgency and political factionalism to strengthen its oil sector in an otherwise disastrous year in 2014. As recently as July, Iraq was on the verge of disintegrating, with ISIS militants overrunning the country and forcing the dissolution of much of the Iraqi military. The Kurdish Regional Government (KRG) was poised to make a bid for independence as it seized disputed territory abdicated by Iraqi security forces.
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聽However, the country has been brought back from the abyss. ISIS has seen its lightning advance stall and the group has been beaten back by Kurdish fighters and U.S. airstrikes.聽(Related:聽Iraq鈥檚 Bright Oil Future Blocked By ISIS)
More importantly was the oil deal forged between the KRG and the Iraqi central government in December, a political breakthrough that paved the way for further oil exports.聽Under the terms聽of the deal, Kurdistan will export 250,000 bpd and Kirkuk will export 300,000 bpd. It marked a huge win for the KRG, which will be allowed to export oil, access its 17 percent share of national revenues, and maintain its implicit control over Kirkuk.
But the oil will flow under the auspices of the Iraqi State Organization for Marketing Oil (SOMO), a key demand from Baghdad. This will keep the KRG in the fold, ending an independence campaign for now. The deal allows a unified, although fragile and temporary, approach to exporting oil.
鈥淭his agreement represents a victory for all Iraqis,鈥 Masoud Haidar, a Kurdish member of the parliament,聽said聽after the historic deal was made. 鈥淭here are no losers in this agreement. All are winners.鈥
The first monthly data released since the deal was made more or less confirms that sentiment. Despite the horrific violence that descended upon Iraq in 2014, it succeeded in boosting output to record levels, and there is no reason to believe production increases will stop anytime soon.
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