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Leaders from across the globe, executives of multinational corporations, and a wide array of private citizens descended upon New York this week to support clean energy and climate change action at Tuesday鈥檚 UN Climate Summit and adjoining Climate Week events.

But amid the hubbub in Manhattan, one group has kept notably quiet.

For much of President Obama鈥檚 tenure, Republicans have criticized his administration鈥檚 green goals as job-killing, ineffective, and bureaucratically messy. Some Republican lawmakers reject the existence of human-induced climate change; but more frequently, Republicans say Obama鈥檚 climate policies are a distraction from pressing concerns like job creation, the economy, and national security.

鈥淲hile America faces immediate challenges and threats, President Obama remains fixated on pushing an extreme climate agenda,鈥� Sen. John Barrasso (R) of Wyoming told the Monitor in an e-mailed statement Wednesday.

But if that鈥檚 where most Republicans stand on climate and energy policy, few made noise about it this week. At Tuesday鈥檚 UN Climate Summit, Obama urged world leaders to take bold action on an issue he said will 鈥渄efine the contours of this century more than any other.鈥� Republican response was muted. Few lawmakers spoke out or issued statements themselves, although a handful did when asked for comment by the Monitor. Ranking member of the Senate Energy Committee Lisa Murkowski (R) of Alaska declined such a request.

Republicans aren鈥檛 likely to embrace Obama鈥檚 climate agenda anytime soon, focusing instead on bolstering an oil and gas boom that has driven down the trade deficit and kept the economy afloat.聽

But the relative silence surrounding Climate Week may also suggest the GOP is less eager to oppose a green perspective at every turn. If the US economy continues to emerge from recession, and more Americans continue to experience extreme weather exacerbated by climate change, might we see Republicans warm to more aggressive climate and clean energy policies?

鈥淚 think the politics are still that members don鈥檛 feel they can come out and say anything,鈥� says Kimberly Dean, senior advisor at the Bipartisan Policy Center Advocacy Network. 鈥淭he Republican party is still dealing with some of the further-right aspects of the party within election cycles.鈥�

In fact, moderate Republicans like Gov. Chris Christie of New Jersey and New Hampshire Senate hopeful Scott Brown appear to be moving to the right on climate and energy policy. Governor Christie, observers say, is facing pressure to show conservative bona fides ahead of a potential 2016 presidential bid.

And so Republicans are championing the potential of the US energy boom. At a Monitor-hosted breakfast in Washington earlier this month, Gov. Bobby Jindal (R) of Louisiana inverted the science denial charge some Democrats aim at Republicans on climate change by saying Obama administration officials are 鈥渟cience deniers when it comes to harnessing America's energy resources.鈥�

Stirrings of bipartisanship

It hasn鈥檛 always been so acrimonious. Four years ago there seemed to be modest momentum for bipartisan compromise on climate legislation. In 2010, Republican Lindsey Graham of South Carolina signaled a willingness to craft climate legislation with Democrats that could attract moderate support from both sides of the aisle.

So what happened? The BP oil spill and immigration reform deflated hopes of a climate bill. And since then, a gridlocked Senate has quashed even modest legislation like this year's non-controversial Shaheen-Portman energy efficiency bill.

The Great Recession is also to blame for halting momentum and putting climate solidly on the back burner for Republicans.

鈥淭he recession was one of the key factors,鈥� says Meghan McGuinness, associate director for energy and environment for the Bipartisan Policy Center. 鈥淲e鈥檙e still recovering from the recession, and we lost a lot of momentum.鈥� With so many Americans falling in dire economic straits, creating 鈥撀爋r at least preserving 鈥� jobs became priority No. 1 over the course of Obama presidency.

Republicans who reject Obama鈥檚 climate agenda criticize the president for policies they say will eliminate jobs and stall a fragile economic recovery. Americans view Obama鈥檚 energy strategies as 鈥渞ed tape that will destroy their jobs and increase their energy bills,鈥� according to Senator Barrasso. 聽聽

Republicans increasingly accept the science of climate change, but strongly challenge its ranking on the Obama administration鈥檚 priority list.

鈥淸T]he president views climate change as the most urgent issue facing mankind,鈥� Rep. Ed Whitfield (R) of Kentucky said in a statement Wednesday. 鈥淲hile everyone agrees that climate is changing, we do not agree it is the most urgent issue.鈥�

Sen. Tim Scott (R) of South Carolina echoed Congressman Whitfield in a statement to the Monitor Tuesday.

鈥淲e all agree that finding clean, renewable sources of energy is important,鈥� said Senator Scott, a member of the Energy Committee. 鈥淭he part of that equation that is seemingly overlooked by this administration, however, is overall cost and affordability for the American family.鈥�

The administration鈥檚 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) took on those economic criticisms Thursday at an event hosted by Resources for the Future, a Washington-based environmental economics nonprofit.

鈥淭he most expensive thing we can do is nothing,鈥� EPA administrator Gina McCarthy said, arguing that businesses need a stable climate and a clean environment to thrive. 鈥淭he economy isn鈥檛 a reason to fear action 鈥� it鈥檚 a reason to take action.鈥�

When asked about climate change at the Monitor breakfast, Mr. Jindal 鈥� a 2016 presidential hopeful 鈥� said that 鈥渋t鈥檚 not controversial to say that human activity is contributing in some way. The question is how serious that is.鈥�

Still, despite scientific evidence to the contrary, some Republicans continue to refute that global temperatures are rising or that humans are behind the trend.

Sen. Jim Inhofe (R) of Oklahoma is among the most vocal:

鈥淭hey're going to try to make everyone believe that the United States of America is going to take some kind of step against global warming, against climate change, or whatever they rename it next time, and it's not going to happen,鈥� Senator Inhofe told Bloomberg BNA last week, ahead of the UN climate summit.

Meeting in the middle

Republicans may not warm to Democrats鈥� climate agenda for several more election cycles, if at all, Ms. McGuinness and Ms. Dean say in a telephone interview Wednesday.

That does not mean there won鈥檛 be incremental action on energy and climate in the meantime. Indeed, some Congressional Republicans view energy as an issue they can make quick progress on should they win the Senate in November. Much of that is in boosting natural gas exports and building the Keystone XL pipeline 鈥� two issues that garner support from energy-state Democrats.

Could bipartisan cooperation on Keystone XL and natural gas could lead to collaboration on climate? In an extensive report on America鈥檚 energy potential, Jindal emphasizes renewables and climate change in two of six organizing principles 鈥� suggesting the two parties may not be as far apart as they seem. No. 2 on the list of principles is 鈥淓ncourage Technological Innovation of Renewables and Emerging Energy Resources,鈥� and No. 6 is 鈥淭ake Simple, Tangible Steps to Address the Possible Risks of Climate Change, in Concert with Other Major Economies.鈥�

At least one passage from the Republican strategy wouldn't look so out of place among Democratic talking points:

鈥淲hat we see in the short term is little steps,鈥� McGuinness says, adding that non-controversial legislation like a successful energy efficiency bill 鈥渃an build momentum going forward.鈥�

David J. Unger contributed from Boston.