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Zuckerberg's 1 percent mortgage: Why does a billionaire need a loan?

Mark Zuckerberg just  refinanced his Palo Alto home with a 30-year, 1.05 percent adjustable mortgage rate. Why do billionaires like Zuckerberg take out home loans, when they could easily buy their properties outright?

By Schuyler Velasco, Correspondent

No matter who you are, if you qualify for a home loan, you鈥檙e going to get an historically low interest rate on your mortgage in the current market.

But unless you鈥檙e a billionaire, it won鈥檛 be as low as Mark Zuckerberg鈥檚.

In addition to getting married and taking his company public, the Facebook CEO capped聽 off a busy summer by refinancing the mortgage on his house, Bloomberg reported Monday. The Palo Alto, Calif., home three miles from Facebook headquarters cost $5.95 million, and Mr. Zuckerberg financed it with a 30-year adjustable mortgage loan, with a rate of 1.05 percent, less than half the national average.聽

At 28, Zuckerberg is the world鈥檚 40th-wealthiest person, worth an estimated $15.6 billion. If he wanted, he could buy a dozen聽 $6 million homes, in cash, without batting an eye. So why get a mortgage?

Because it costs him absolutely nothing. 鈥淲hen you can borrow at an interest rate that鈥檚 below the rate of inflation you鈥檙e essentially borrowing for free,鈥 says Greg McBride, senior analyst at Bankrate.com. a Florida-based firm that tracks interest rates on mortgages, auto loans, and credit cards, among others. 鈥淲hen you can borrow for free, there鈥檚 no sense in tying up your own money, when you can use that money for more profitable things.鈥

To put Zuckerberg鈥檚 low rate into perspective, the average interest rate for a 30-year jumbo mortgage that can adjust after one year is 2.76 percent, according to Bankrate.com. A 30-year fixed-rate mortgage hit 3.56 percent Monday 鈥 another record in a summer of record lows, and the lowest level since the start of long-term mortgages in the 1950s, according to the Associated Press.聽

So how did the Zuck land such a low rate? For one, his mortgage is adjustable, meaning the interest rate could go up. These types of loans generally have lower interest, but are reserved for buyers who pose virtually no risk to the lender (a billionaire probably won鈥檛 default on a payment).

鈥淭his is not a product reserved for celebrities," Mr. McBride says. "They aren鈥檛 necessarily billionaires. We鈥檙e talking about people who are millionaires, at least 鈥 corporate executives, wealthy people.鈥

鈥淭hese people aren鈥檛 taking a loan because it鈥檚 the only way they can afford that house,鈥 he adds. An adjustable rate mortgage "is not a mainstream product.鈥

Should the interest rates skyrocket, or become too high for holding a mortgage, Zuckerberg and his ilk can easily buy their homes outright, leaving the mortgage behind with no repercussions.

Many are decrying the preferential rates given to the wealthy as yet another example of how the richest Americans stay that way, pointing out that Zuckerberg鈥檚 1 percent loan lends a whole new meaning to the complaints about the 鈥1 percent鈥 of wealthy Americans聽 underlying the Occupy Wall Street protests last year.

But while the rest of us 99 percenters may not have access to a 1 percent mortgage, home loans are at least not the financial trap they were five years ago.

鈥淭he subprime mortgage market [in which lenders dealt out high interest loans to risky, often low-income borrowers who couldn鈥檛 make their payments] are virtually nonexistent,鈥 says McBride. 聽That's 鈥渘ot to say 9 percent interest rates don鈥檛 exist. But 95 percent of mortgages now are government-backed loans, which come with very attractive interest rates. And those are only available to creditworthy borrowers.鈥