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Israel closed the main commercial crossing in the Gaza Strip, effectively banning exports from the coastal territory after saying it had uncovered explosives in a shipment of clothes to the occupied West Bank. Gaza鈥檚 fishermen, with their perishable exports, were among the first to feel the pain.

The new restrictions choke off the territory鈥檚 already ailing economy. They come on top of the punishing 16-year blockade that Israel and Egypt have maintained since the Islamic militant group Hamas seized control of the enclave in 2007.

The blockade, which Israel says is needed to prevent Hamas from arming, severely limits the movement of people and goods in and out of Gaza.

Israel closed the Kerem Shalom cargo crossing late on Monday after saying it had discovered explosives hidden in a shipment of Zara jeans and other clothing bound for the West Bank 鈥� one of the main markets for Gaza鈥檚 tiny export sector. Israeli officials fear the explosives were bound for Palestinian militants in the West Bank. Israel has not said when the crossing will reopen.

Palestinian fishermen, businessmen, and rights advocates condemned Israel鈥檚 latest measure as a form of collective punishment against Gaza鈥檚 2 million people, including tens of thousands of laborers who heavily depend on exports to Israel and the West Bank to stay afloat. Nearly all the goods that enter and exit Gaza pass through Kerem Shalom.

Gaza鈥檚 4,000 fishermen, worried about keeping their surplus seafood from spoiling, condemned the ban.

鈥淣ow I can鈥檛 make a living,鈥� said Khalid al-Laham from his bare home in the southern town of Khan Younis as his five children swirled around him. 鈥淚 have to borrow food from the shops.鈥�

The struggle also reached Gaza鈥檚 wealthiest traders.

鈥淔ish are completely different from any product, it鈥檚 sensitive,鈥� said Mohammed Abu Hasira, owner of a popular Gazan fish restaurant near the Mediterranean. 鈥淭hey should punish those who are at fault. Why are we being punished with them?鈥�

Mr. Abu Hasira鈥檚 plans to export truckloads of fish Thursday were thwarted by the Israeli decision, he said. Within moments, his profits evaporated and costs skyrocketed.

Overall, the measure has caused 26 tons of fish to rot and resulted in $300,000 in weekly losses, Gaza鈥檚 main fishermen鈥檚 union said.

The restrictions represented a reversal of recent Israeli military moves to ease the blockade to relieve economic pressure on Gaza to prevent tensions from boiling over into another bloody conflict.

Israel now allows some 21,000 Palestinian laborers from Gaza to enter Israel for work, and in July, Israel issued hundreds more permits. Some 70% more people left the strip in July than during the same month last year, according to the United Nations humanitarian office.

But now Gaza鈥檚 fishermen and others affected by the Israeli measure said they鈥檝e again been subsumed into a larger political struggle that has nothing to do with them.

Israel says the closure was intended to deter militants from sneaking explosives through the crossing and to press the strip鈥檚 Hamas rules to crack down on the smuggling.

鈥淭he defense establishment will not allow terror organizations to take advantage of civilian and humanitarian facilities,鈥� Israel鈥檚 defense ministry said.

The move, rights groups said, also laid bare Israel鈥檚 inability to provide an effective answer to the security incidents and to address Gaza鈥檚 underlying problems.

鈥淚nstead of finding proportionate and reasonable measures, it just imposes sweeping measures and punitive closings,鈥� said Miriam Marmur, a spokeswoman for Gisha, an Israeli human rights group.

Under the blockade, Gaza鈥檚 businessmen have grappled with what they describe as exasperating bureaucratic controls and routine indignities.

Fishermen say their struggle reflects how the blockade has damaged a vital part of Gaza鈥檚 economy. In July, fish accounted for 6% of all exports, according to the U.N.

The restrictions have prevented them from importing engines, fiberglass, and other materials needed to repair their dilapidated boats.

The naval blockade limits how far out into the Mediterranean Sea the fishermen can go 鈥� and how much and what type of fish they can catch. If they drift too close to Israel鈥檚 maritime border, they risk being shot at or having their boats seized by the Israeli navy.

Since the start of the year, the U.N. humanitarian office, or OCHA, has recorded over 400 incidents in which Israeli forces opened fire at Palestinian fishermen approaching the sea boundary, causing injuries and damage. 鈥淩ecurring shootings off the coast of Gaza are deeply troubling,鈥� said Noel Tsekouras, head of OCHA鈥檚 Gaza office. 鈥淭hese actions severely jeopardize livelihoods.鈥�

This week鈥檚 closure has left all merchants reeling in the crowded enclave. In an upscale tower just blocks from the seaport, Muhammad al-Ghussein, an engineer and spokesperson for the Palestinian Businessmen Association, said he shared the fishermen鈥檚 concerns.

鈥淗alting exports is like dealing a fatal blow to a sector that鈥檚 already dying,鈥� he said.

This story was reported by The Associated Press.