海角大神

Amid a nationwide near total lockdown, some half a million Israelis gathered at a virtual demonstration online this weekend to protest what they call an attempted coup by Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu鈥檚听transitional government under the guise of protecting citizens from the coronavirus.

Last week, the justice minister sent out an order in the middle of the night to shut down the courts on the eve of Mr. Netanyahu鈥檚 trial on corruption charges. The government took measures to track citizens鈥� contact with those who tested positive by using geolocation data from their cellphones without the authorization of the parliament, in the name of halting the spread of the virus. And Mr. Netanyahu鈥檚 allies blocked the Israeli parliament from even opening, following recent elections in which his rivals won the majority of Knesset seats.

What the government is really protecting, critics say, is the prime minister鈥檚 precarious place in power. While the specifics of the alleged power grab may be rooted in Israel鈥檚 political crisis following three stalemate elections in a year, they paint it as a cautionary tale for other democracies strained by the current crisis.听鈥淭he first coronavirus dictatorship,鈥� quipped听Israeli author and historian听Yuval Noah Harari, known more for his international bestsellers like 鈥淪apiens鈥� than for commenting on Israeli politics.

鈥淣etanyahu is trying to exploit the situation of the pandemic to hold on to power and take more extreme measures than he would if this crisis was not going on,鈥� says Gershom Gorenberg, an Israeli historian and journalist. 鈥淚 think it鈥檚 a warning elsewhere that while the [coronavirus] crisis has to be dealt with, the need for democratic controls are even greater in a crisis situation.鈥�

Editor鈥檚 note: As a public service, we鈥檝e removed the paywall听for all our coronavirus coverage. It鈥檚 free.

In an , Mr. Netanyahu was asked if he was overstating the threat of coronavirus in order to keep himself in power after already serving four terms as prime minister. 鈥淎nyone who looks at what I am doing sees I am working for the country. ... I am doing this as I stand on the deck and navigate through the icebergs,鈥� he said. 鈥淏ehind me are other countries which have become like Titanics that are sinking.鈥�

Indeed, supporters praise Mr. Netanyahu as a veteran leader who moved swiftly to adopt stringent measures to address the crisis, including police shutting down gatherings of more than 10 people and investigating people who violated their quarantine.

Gayil Talshir, a political science professor at Hebrew University, cautions that democracies in crisis need more supervision, including by civil rights organizations and judicial systems, in order to protect the system.

鈥淭he power concentrated in the hands of government is immense and therefore especially in times of crisis you need more supervision, more caution, more attention to individual rights, not less,鈥� says听Dr.听Talshir.

She says leaders who suggest that a 鈥渄eep state鈥� apparatus might be trying to undermine them, such as U.S. President Donald Trump and the leaders of Hungary and Poland, are already inclined to try to take more power for themselves 鈥� and a crisis like this could accelerate that tendency. 鈥淭here鈥檚 a threat that they would use an emergency time to weaken democratic institutions and gain even more power,鈥� she says.

Netanyahu ally defies Supreme Court order

The power struggle between Mr. Netanyahu鈥檚 Likud party and their rivals has come to a head over the speakership of the parliament.

After the recent election, President Reuven Rivlin tapped Benny Gantz鈥檚 Blue and White Party to form a governing coalition.

However, Mr. Netanyahu has continued to act as prime minister and Likud鈥檚 Yuli Edelstein has continued to serve as speaker of the Knesset, Israel鈥檚 parliament.

On Monday, following a complaint from Mr. Gantz鈥檚 party, Israel鈥檚 Supreme Court said the speaker should hold a vote that would enable the Knesset to fully function after a new parliament was sworn in last week.

For days Mr. Edelstein had objected to doing so, citing public health concerns and claiming that such a vote would jeopardize talks for an emergency national unity government between Likud and Blue and White.听Critics say Likud simply does not want to cede power. One reason is that Blue and White and its allies could use their majority status to pass laws that make it difficult for Mr. Netanyahu to continue in office with his current legal problems, which include indictments in three criminal cases.

Last week a call went out via social media and text messages to protest outside the Knesset. Activists drove into Jerusalem from around the country, black flags waving from their cars. Several arrests were made, including of the former commander of Israel鈥檚 top special forces unit.

鈥淭hese protests show that Israelis are not willing to accept such violations to our democratic norms,鈥� says听Yohanan Plesner, president of the Israel Democracy Institute in Jerusalem.

Among those who spoke at this weekend鈥檚 virtual demonstration were听Elyakim Rubinstein,听former attorney general and former vice president of the Supreme Court, and听Yuval Diskin,听former head of the Shin Bet, Israel鈥檚 equivalent of the FBI. Mr. Diskin warned the government had effectively disabled the judiciary and legislature.

Yair Fink, who heads Darkenu (鈥淥ur Way鈥� in Hebrew), a nonpartisan civil rights group that helped organize the demonstration, said, 鈥淚t is precisely in this time, when we are forbidden to congregate, that some have chosen to cynically exploit this situation to chip away at the foundations upon which our state was founded.鈥�

Yet despite the outcry over the weekend, Justice Minister Amir Ohana and other Netanyahu allies said on Monday that Mr. Edelstein, the speaker of parliament, should ignore the Supreme Court鈥檚 order.

鈥淚 won鈥檛 agree to ultimatums,鈥� Mr. Edelstein declared in a statement Tuesday, calling听the intervention of the justice system in parliamentary business听鈥渙ut of place.鈥�听

The case for and against unusual measures in a crisis

Zion Bouskila, chair of the Likud branch in the southern town of Netivot, says democracy is sacrosanct, but that at this time of an unprecedented national health crisis that could crash Israel鈥檚 economy, the focus should be on forging a unity government.

鈥淚 don鈥檛 think Netanyahu is taking advantage of coronavirus, he鈥檚 fighting to save the country,鈥� he says. 鈥淎s for the courts and the political process, they will return to normal after the crisis is handled.鈥�

For Dr. Talshir听of Hebrew University, one of the most disturbing aspects of Mr. Netanyahu鈥檚 behavior is how it sows doubt that a democracy is what is needed to rule a country in times of crisis.

鈥淭his is more threatening than just the manipulations we are seeing,鈥� she says.

Mr.听Plesner, a former member of Knesset, says the shock of the pandemic makes it challenging for people to respond to the undermining of democratic institutions, particularly the temporary shutdown of the Knesset, which he terms 鈥渁 severe and unwarranted violation.鈥�

鈥淭he broader conclusion from the Israeli case,鈥� says Mr. Plesner, 鈥渋s that we can say that under the disguise of the corona crisis, reckless politicians can use it to violate democratic norms and conventions cultivated over decades.鈥�

Editor鈥檚 note: As a public service, we鈥檝e removed the paywall听for all our coronavirus coverage. It鈥檚 free.