海角大神

The shrinking footprint of forces loyal to Libya鈥檚 Muammar Qaddafi has spirits high in Benghazi, the country鈥檚 second-largest city and one that is already free from his rule.

As US officials struggle to understand the quickly unfolding events, a predominant concern is that chaos and civil war could emerge after Mr. Qaddafi鈥檚 one-man rule is dispatched 鈥� if he doesn鈥檛 manage to sow it himself first.

But Umm Ahmed, head of the management committee for Benghazi鈥檚 new transitional city council, has a message for Washington: Don鈥檛 worry.

鈥淵es, there are no police, no institutions. Law and order as defined doesn鈥檛 exist,鈥� she says. 鈥淏ut in practice, Benghazi is incredibly safe. Safer than it was under Qaddafi. People are all volunteering, the banks are opening. We surprised even ourselves.鈥�

President Obama, citing Qaddafi鈥檚 use of 鈥渨anton violence鈥� against his own people, issued an executive order Friday freezing the assets in the US of the Libyan government and Qaddafi鈥檚 family, less than an hour after the last US diplomat was evacuated from Tripoli. The UN is considering sanctions of its own in New York today.

Qaddafi is still reportedly holed up in his Tripoli stronghold of Bab al-Aziziya, a neighborhood filled with his friends, clansmen, and thousands of soldiers who answer to his sons. He has remained defiant, barking threats and insisting that all true Libyans love him. There were reports today from the capital that he鈥檚 distributing weapons to his supporters.

Though his rule seems finished, his rhetoric and actions are strong indications that there will be more blood to pay before this revolution succeeds.

Benghazi residents band together

But across 'liberated' eastern Libya, a spirit of volunteerism and pulling together is evident. At the 鈥�Voice of Free Libya,鈥� the country鈥檚 first uncensored radio station in decades, people working there tell of strangers showing up with baskets of food. In the courthouse, an old man scrubs toilets 鈥� his way of doing something for the country, he says.

Jalal Galaal, a businessman who鈥檚 acting to bring together the city council and local interests, says businessmen and government officials started showing up last week at the courthouse 鈥� a focal point for protesters 鈥� asking what should be done.

鈥淭he guy who runs the gas pumping station that feeds the power plants here showed up and said 'I need help,' 鈥� says Mr. Galaal. 鈥淲e simply told him to get his people together and come up with a list. Wahda Bank said it needed protection. I think we sent a few guards, but once they saw things were safe here, they mostly organized things for themselves.鈥�

He says it鈥檚 all evidence that fears of tribal divisions coming to the fore and Libya coming apart are false. 鈥淲e鈥檝e been direct and consistent with our message,鈥� he says. 鈥淏enghazi is an important city and a proud city. But we want one Libya with Tripoli as its capital.鈥�

That message is a response to Qaddafi鈥檚 attempts to paint the uprising as variously committed to breaking up Libya into a series of Islamic emirates, or as funded by drug lords, or as part of a joint Al Qaeda and US plot to destroy the country.

City councils try to connect

The Benghazi council, whose members were chosen from local notables 鈥� lawyers, businessmen, an engineer who knows something about the city鈥檚 infrastructure 鈥� is now trying to link up with other temporary governments that have sprung up in at least a half dozen other Libyan cities, Umm Ahmed and other council members say.

Mustafa Abdel-Jalil, Qaddafi鈥檚 former Justice minister and the first member of his regime to publicly break with him last week, was in Benghazi today to talk about future plans with the council. The idea is to appoint one member from each of the existing councils to act as a sort of transitional government-in-waiting, and at least give the international community someone to talk to in the interim.

鈥淭he interim group is just here to protect the uprising 鈥� none of us have political aspirations,鈥� Umm Ahmed says.

Of course, there have been problems. There鈥檚 a 14th seat slated on the council for a representative of the Libyan military. But as of today, it was unfilled, with doubts among Libyans about which members of Qaddafi鈥檚 military have too much blood on their hands, and apparent jockeying among officers to establish themselves as preeminent.

And some of the youths who participated in the violent battles to wrest control of the Benghazi Barracks and state security headquarters from Qaddafi鈥檚 forces last week are suspicious about what鈥檚 going on inside the courthouse.

To be sure, the outcome in Libya is not a guaranteed transition to democracy. But so far, the uprising has been nothing like a coup, and the country has been infused with a spirit of unity.

鈥淣o one here is trying to hijack their revolution,鈥� says Mustafa Gherani, who鈥檚 working with the council. 鈥淥ur role is to make sure there鈥檚 food in the warehouses, the electricity keeps working, and the trash gets picked up until Tripoli falls. Then, hopefully, a constitution will be written with a separation of powers and a guarantee that no one will be above the law again.鈥�