Nigeria had no shelter for returned male migrants. So, he built one.
| Lagos, Nigeria
The heavy downpour outside the faded gray bungalow had just eased when Osita Osemene received a phone call from Fahad Nasir. Mr. Osemene stepped out to meet the young man, who had been repatriated back to Nigeria after spending three years in Tunisia, where he says he endured abuse and detention by security forces as a migrant without permanent legal status.
Mr. Nasir wasn鈥檛 ready to face his family or society yet. He needed a place to stay while he figured out how to restart his life.
Nigeria has dozens of government and nonprofit-run shelters that house female migrants who are repatriated after irregular migration 鈥� the practice of crossing borders outside legal channels. But the bungalow at which Mr. Nasir had just arrived is Nigeria鈥檚 first and only all-male shelter for returning migrants, launched in July 2021 by Mr. Osemene鈥檚 nonprofit, Patriotic Citizen Initiatives (PCI).
Why We Wrote This
The Patriotic Citizen Initiatives shelter gives male migrants a place to stay when they are deported back to Nigeria. It also helps them rebuild their lives at home. 鈥淭here were shelters for females,鈥� the shelter鈥檚 founder says, 鈥渂ut nobody was talking about shelters for young men.鈥�
The organization works to restore the dignity of returned migrants from Nigeria and elsewhere, who often experience discrimination once they return home. Many Nigerians assume the migrants were deported for committing crimes.
鈥淚 was once a returnee like you, and I鈥檒l share my story shortly,鈥� Mr. Osemene says with a smile as he leads Mr. Nasir inside the facility鈥檚 lounge area, where five men 鈥� all returned migrants 鈥� welcome the young man with handshakes.
Located in Iyana Ipaja, a densely populated commercial suburb in Lagos state, the shelter accommodates 40 men at a time for three to eight months. They are housed in five dormitory-style rooms, each equipped with four sets of bunk beds and a bathroom.
鈥淚n Tunisia, I lived in the bush like an animal,鈥� says Mr. Nasir, surveying his room. For the first time since leaving Nigeria, he has decent accommodations and is surrounded by people with stories similar to his.
鈥淢ale returnees were neglected鈥�
Thousands of Nigerians, primarily young people, travel across the Sahara each year to transit countries such as Tunisia, Libya, and Morocco, hoping to eventually cross the Mediterranean to greener pastures in Europe. In the Sahel and Lake Chad region, Nigeria has the highest number of such migrants moving to Europe, a journey during which many face trafficking and other forms of abuse by security forces and armed rebels.
Mr. Osemene experienced such abuse firsthand. In 2004, as an unemployed young college graduate, he was deceived by friends into traveling to Libya to seek better opportunities. After he arrived, he was beaten and robbed by rebels.
鈥淚t was a horrible experience, and I promised God that if he took me back home, I would start a crusade to amplify the dangers of irregular migration,鈥� he tells Mr. Nasir, minutes after the young man settles in.
Mr. Osemene founded PCI to promote safe, regular migration while helping to rebuild the lives of Nigerians who had engaged in irregular migration and wound up deported home. He also began working with the International Organization for Migration and government agencies to train returned migrants on reintegration. That was when he noticed a disturbing trend.
鈥淢ale returnees were neglected,鈥� he says. 鈥淭here were shelters for females, but nobody was talking about shelters for young men, because men are perceived as people who are not vulnerable.鈥�
When he spoke with male returnees, he found that many had survived detention, kidnapping, and even shootings. Some had turned to drugs in an effort to cope with their experiences.
鈥淚 said, 鈥楴o, these people need a place,鈥欌�� Mr. Osemene reveals, explaining why he built the shelter.
Holistic support
PCI operates a comprehensive reintegration program, which includes counselors.
鈥淚t wasn鈥檛 easy when I first arrived here,鈥� says Promise Ehiogu, a shelter resident. 鈥淚 kept having flashbacks of war and fleeing with just a loaf of bread and a bottle of water.鈥�
He had just begun his master鈥檚 studies in Ukraine when Russia launched its full-scale invasion of the country in 2022. He traveled to Hungary, Germany, and finally Denmark, where he was denied asylum. He returned to Nigeria last March.
Now happy to share his story, Mr. Ehiogu is being trained to become self-sufficient. While most women鈥檚 shelters offer general training, such as how to make clothes and shoes, the PCI men鈥檚 shelter adopts a dual approach to entrepreneurship that covers agriculture and personal businesses of choice.
Returnees learn catfish farming and processing 鈥� a high-demand business. The shelter has three large ponds with catfish, which are sold to generate income and also are used for meals.
As a trainer in entrepreneurship development who is certified by the International Labor Organization, Mr. Osemene helps returnees to generate business ideas and launch startups. He connects returnees with professionals in their line of business for hands-on learning. Returnees also are supported with cash or tools to kick-start their businesses.
鈥淚 returned with no skill and didn鈥檛 know what to do with my life,鈥� says Ridwan Segun, who had been trafficked from a Nigerian orphanage to Botswana as a 12-year-old in 2017, and recently returned home. 鈥淭hrough the training, which just ended for me, I am now an experienced barber with startup tools given to me.鈥�
So far, the PCI shelter has housed more than 400 men. It remains the only all-male migrant shelter in Nigeria, which saw more than 11,000 of its citizens 鈥� most of them men 鈥� repatriated between 2023 and 2024. Mr. Osemene plans to build a bigger facility, but financing is a challenge. He runs the shelter with personal funds and occasional support from partner agencies.
For Mr. Nasir, the journey to recovery 鈥� and hope 鈥� has just begun. 鈥淚f you have a place to put your head as a returned migrant, you鈥檒l be able to think and plan how to pick up the pieces of your life,鈥� he says. 鈥淭his is a place for me to heal and get my life back.鈥�
