海角大神

Charlie Hebdo, the satirical French magazine, was embraced with sympathy and showings of solidarity after twelve Paris staffers were killed in a terrorist attack last January.

Now, however, new images referencing the death of Aylan Kurdi聽鈥撀爐he 3 year-old Syrian refugee whose drowning death off the coast of Turkey earlier this month prompted outpourings of grief聽鈥撀爃ave moved the Society of Black Lawyers in Britain to threaten to report Charlie Hebdo to the International Criminal Court, calling the magazine "."

Society Chair Peter Herbert, former vice chair of the London Metropolitan Police Authority, 聽on Sunday:

He was not the first to object to the latest edition of Charlie Hebdo, which features several cartoons referencing Aylan鈥檚 death. In one, Aylan鈥檚 now-emblematic body rests on the beach beneath a McDonald鈥檚 billboard advertising "Two children鈥檚 menus for the price of one." Another shows a child鈥檚 legs sinking into the sea as a Christ-like figure shrugs. The image reads, "The proof that Europe is 海角大神: 海角大神s walk on water, Muslim children sink." (See images .)

Newspapers like the Toronto Sun and the Mirror in Britain joined Mr. Herbert in labeling the cartoons offensive, but most of the immediate and impassioned responses to Herbert's tweet were negative, with critics arguing that the cartoons were meant to lambaste Europe鈥檚 halting response to the refugee crisis, not refugees themselves. Charlie Hebdo editor Laurent Sourisseau confirmed that policies, not people, were indeed the target in "a scathing editorial" accusing EU leaders of being "hypocritical."

Hundreds of drawings based on the original, now iconic photograph of Aylan鈥檚 body have circulated since his death in early September, but the vast majority have been interpreted as .听

The Society of Black Lawyers, founded in 1969, seeks to eliminate racial discrimination in the British justice system, and the legal profession in particular. According to its website, "we are widely regarded as the legal arm of the civil rights movement in the UK."聽

Controversy is nothing new for Charlie Hebdo; the publication has always attracted equal parts admiration and condemnation for its provocative satire, particularly cartoons depicting religious figures. The past year has left activists more divided than ever over the magazine鈥檚 interpretation of free speech.

Before this week鈥檚 edition, Charlie Hebdo was notorious mainly for its frequent images depicting the Prophet Muhammad, which many Muslim traditions prohibit. Dozens of scholars and writers have spoken out to caution editors, arguing that although the cartoons are legal, they are unnecessarily offensive; some also criticize them as being , and of tapping into popular Islamophobia.听

In May, the PEN American Center, dedicated to the freedom of speech, .听In response, 35 writers, including Junot Diaz and Joyce Carol Oates, , calling out the distinction between defending free speech and honoring that speech:聽

There is a critical difference between staunchly supporting expression that violates the acceptable, and enthusiastically rewarding such expression. In the aftermath of the attacks, Charlie Hebdo鈥檚 cartoons were characterized as satire and "equal opportunity offense," and the magazine seems to be entirely sincere in its anarchic expressions of disdain toward organized religion. But in an unequal society, equal opportunity offense does not have an equal effect....

PEN is not simply conveying support for freedom of expression, but also valorizing selectively offensive material: material that intensifies the anti-Islamic, anti-Maghreb, anti-Arab sentiments already prevalent in the Western world.