Was Iran鈥檚 election stolen? New study makes a forceful case
A statistical analysis of province-by-province voting in Iran鈥檚 June 12 presidential election makes a compelling case for wide-spread fraud in the vote that returned conservative President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad to power and touched off days of bloody protests in Iran.
The report, 鈥溾�� published by the Chatham House think tank in London and the Institute of Iranian Studies at St. Andrew鈥檚 University in Scotland, found instances of greater than 100 percent turnout in two provinces. It also found an improbable 90 percent turnout in four other provinces. The research was based official Iranian data.
In the immediate aftermath of the election, with defeated challenger Mir Hossein Mousavi and his supporters saying the election was stolen, political scientists cautioned that it was possible that Mr. Ahmadinejad had won, given the lack of accurate polling data before the election
Vastly different voting patterns
But the researchers found a pattern of voting widely at odds from past Iranian elections, including a surge in support for Ahmadinejad in rural areas where conservative candidates were deeply unpopular in Iran鈥檚 1997, 2001, and 2005 elections.
In those elections 鈥渃onservative candidates, and Ahmadinejad in particular, were markedly unpopular in rural areas,鈥欌�� the authors write. 鈥淭hat the countryside always votes conservative is a myth. The claim that this year Ahmadinejad swept the board in more rural provinces flies in the face of these trends.鈥�
Ahmadinejad won more than 44 percent of reformist voters?
They also find that for Ahmadinejad鈥檚 support to be legitimate, in a third of Iran鈥檚 provinces he would have had to win over not only all of his former supporters, but all formerly centrist voters, all new voters, and 鈥渦p to 44 percent of former reformist voters, despite a decade of conflict between these two groups.鈥�
'It's the economy, stupid'
, a historian of the Middle East and an expert on Shiite Islam at the University of Michigan, called the results 鈥渇airly damning鈥� noting that Iran鈥檚 economy has deteriorated sharply in the past year, something that almost always hurts incumbents in free and fair elections.
The paper also finds that while in past elections there were considerable differences in turnout from province to province, these regional differences declined sharply in the latest election. 鈥淭he data seems to suggest that regional variations in participation have suddenly disappeared,鈥欌�� the authors wrote.
鈥淭his makes the lack of any sort of direct relationship between the provinces that saw an increase in turnout and those that saw a swing to Ahmadinejad all the more unusual,鈥欌�� they write. 鈥淭he lack of a direct relationship makes the argument that Ahmadinejad won the election because of an increase in participation by a previously silent conservative majority somewhat problematic.鈥�
Meanwhile on Monday, protestors continued to take to the streets of Tehran, though in small groups harried by riot police and helicopters. Iran鈥檚 highest elected authority, the Guardian Council, admitted on Monday to electoral 鈥渋rregularities鈥� in 50 of the nation鈥檚 366 districts, but insisted that these problems were minor and did not effect the outcome of the election.
