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European Union regulators on June 24 leveled their first charges under the bloc鈥檚 new digital competition rulebook, accusing Apple of preventing app makers from pointing users to cheaper options outside its App Store.

The European Commission said that according to the preliminary findings of its investigation, the restrictions that the iPhone maker imposes on developers using its mobile App Store had breached the 27-nation bloc鈥檚 Digital Markets Act.

The rulebook, also known as the DMA, is a sweeping set of regulations aimed at preventing tech 鈥済atekeepers鈥� from cornering digital markets under threat of heavy financial penalties. The commission opened an initial round of investigations after it took effect in March, including a separate ongoing probe into whether Apple is doing enough to allow iPhone users to easily change web browsers, and other cases involving Google and Meta.

Apple has been facing pressure on both sides of the Atlantic to tear down some of the competitive barriers around its lucrative iPhone franchise. The U.S. Justice Department has filed a sweeping antitrust lawsuit against Apple this year, accusing it of illegally monopolizing the smartphone market and boxing out competitors, stifling innovation, and keeping prices artificially high. App makers such as Spotify had complained for years about Apple鈥檚 requirement that subscriptions only be bought through iOS apps, allowing the company to take a commission of up to 30%.

Under the DMA鈥檚 provisions, app developers must be allowed to inform customers of cheaper purchasing options and direct them to those offers.

The commission, the bloc鈥檚 executive arm, said App Store rules 鈥減revent app developers from freely steering consumers to alternative channels for offers and content.鈥�

Apple now has a chance to respond to the findings. The commission must make a final decision on Apple鈥檚 compliance by March 2025. The company could face fines worth up to 10% of its global revenue, which could amount to billions of euros, or daily penalties.

The commission kept up the pressure on Apple, simultaneously opening a new investigation into contractual terms that it鈥檚 offering app developers.

Regulators zeroed in on a 鈥渃ore technology fee鈥� of 50 euro cents (54 cents) that Apple is now charging developers for each time their apps are downloaded and installed from outside Apple鈥檚 App Store. The DMA鈥檚 provisions open the way for alternative app stores to give consumers more choice.

The commission said the the new terms are a 鈥渃ondition to access some of the new features enabled by the DMA.鈥� Rivals had criticized the fee, saying it would deter many existing free apps, which don鈥檛 pay any fees, from jumping ship.

鈥淲e are concerned Apple鈥檚 new business model makes it too hard for app developers to operate as alternative marketplaces & reach their end users on iOS,鈥� the European Commissioner for Competition, Margrethe Vestager, said on social media.

Apple Inc. said over the past several months, it 鈥渉as made a number of changes to comply with the DMA in response to feedback from developers and the European Commission.鈥�

鈥淲e are confident our plan complies with the law, and estimate more than 99% of developers would pay the same or less in fees to Apple under the new business terms we created,鈥� the company said in a statement. 鈥淎ll developers doing business in the EU on the App Store have the opportunity to utilize the capabilities that we have introduced, including the ability to direct app users to the web to complete purchases at a very competitive rate.鈥�

The company said it will 鈥渃ontinue to listen and engage鈥� with the commission.

This story was reported by The Associated Press.