In French print media, Anglicisms are 'le buzz'
鈥淓tes-vous un trader, une working girl successful, ou un web marketeur? Aimez-vous la Caesar salad, le fudge, et les grogs healthy?"
It's not quite the French you learned at school, but more and more you'll find such Anglicisms in France's print media 鈥� despite its reputation of being more linguistically conservative than radio, TV, or the web.
An increasing number of English words are being used publicly despite the best efforts of the . Since the institution started working on its latest dictionary in 1986, with words like jogging, blue-jean, or ketchup becoming kosher, the French media has incorporated many more English words and la deep ecology, le it-bag, and le buzz now feature on magazine covers.
One of the reasons for this increase is access to the US way of life through the Internet by journalists who either don't find a proper translation or deliberately use the original as it sounds plus in, for instance westernization rather than occidentalisation. Until recently, gar莽on manqu茅 would have been preferred to tomboy.
Historically, the French have put up resistance to Anglicisms, mainly through the Acad茅mie, set up in the 17th century by Richelieu, officially to help the French language cover the worlds of arts and science. But the rise of the Internet has submerged the Acad茅mie and rendered it powerless before this linguistic tsunami.
New information technology has brought along verbs such as 辫辞诲肠补蝉迟茅, 肠丑补迟迟茅, or 迟飞别补迟茅. Designers have caught on the trend and websites created with French-language users in mind bear names such as free.fr, while young 海角大神s are lured onto zebible.com.
A new wor(l)d
Business journalese is not immune: le big boss goes to un power breakfast for un brainstorming before un debriefing. People work in un open space, make des passion investments, and bow out because of le burnout 鈥� all a legacy of the jargon of US psycho-sociology used by human resource departments (le service du personnel itself has been replaced by les Ressources Humaines).听Words have come up in news pages like best selleuse, killeuse, and听DJette.
The in the French version of Wikipedia is illustrated by examples from the news weekly Le Nouvel Observateur such as playmate,听fitness, or shopping. French 蹿补莽辞苍 is pass茅: Un catwalk with des top models is the accepted jargon during une fashion week. French journalists may also have found it awkward to render concepts such as goodies, total look, or must have. And how do you translate bootylicious? Fashionese doesn't.
The art of seduction itself has become anglicized. There was a time when un s茅ducteur was described by the Gallic media as un casanova or un don juan. Today, he is called un womanizer 鈥� a wholesale import from across the pond.
Even a bastion such as cuisine is crumbling. TV programs like Masterchef听 and Le Top Chef are on en prime time. Le fooding (a contraction of food and feeling), le slow food, and la junk food are in. Outside the US, France has the largest number of McDonald restaurants per capita and two fast food chains called Flunch (from fast and lunch) and Quick were set up to compete with the global giant. Berries which the French had been calling des canneberges for centuries have reappeared as... des cranberries.
Lifestyle and politics sometimes overlap, never more so than when it comes to former President Nicolas Sarkozy, forever associated with le bling-bling. Political journalists have been at it too (le gerrymandering, le spin doctor, la proc茅dure d'impeachment) and politicians themselves are keeping up: When Fran莽ois Hollande was selected to run for the presidency, he told a melee of hacks: "La campagne sera hard."
Bastions against the flood
Even though Anglicisms are becoming more widespread, some publications are still standing strong against them.
At the daily Le Monde, Chief Corrector Lucien Jedwab says that received sports terms such as jumping, putt, or green are used like any other word whereas those that flood the news overnight like junk bonds or sub primes are 鈥減ut in purgatory,鈥� i.e., in italics, until they disappear from the news or become a constant feature. When there is a choice between a ubiquitous Anglicism (such as email) or a French equivalent (courriel), they go for the latter, earning praise from the Acad茅mie fran莽aise. Some readers write in every time an English word is printed. Mr. Jedwab has received 250 letters from a particularly irate man. Jedwab does describe the policy of his younger colleagues at lemonde.fr as 鈥渕ore lax,鈥� though.
In contrast, not a single Anglicism can be found in Le Magazine Litt茅raire. Editor Laurent Nunez says that, because they write about literature, they must choose their words carefully and beware of journalese, including Anglicisms. As for the Acad茅mie's recommendations 鈥� it has periodically offered up "official" changes to refine and protect the language over the decades 鈥� he says "nobody takes any notice of them. The spelling reform, for example, is not being heeded, although it only dates back to 1991."
The dozen intellectuals who make up la Commission du Dictionnaire at the Acad茅mie fran莽aise are not expected to finalize their latest offering until 2020 or so. They have so far included 84 English words. Spanish comes second with 20 entries and Arabic third with 19 words. Chinese is in tenth position, but if China's economic rise translates into cultural supremacy, as was the case with the US last century, Chinese imports into French may well go beyond ginseng, litchi, and kung fu.
