A Canadian First Nation reclaims the telling of its own story
| Manitoulin Island, Ontario
Dave Corbiere powers his fishing boat聽to the rocks on the shore of a small island in the North Channel of Lake Huron. It鈥檚 upon this foundation that he lays a fish below an eagle鈥檚 nest, perched tenuously in the branches of a white pine, before he sets out. It鈥檚 an offering of thanks to the bird of prey that is considered sacred by the Ojibwe people 鈥� for keeping him safe on the lake and for leading a life worthy of example.
Then he assesses the water temperatures and currents in search of schools of whitefish and pickerel. He and his granddaughter Gabriella set out their nets in the evenings and hoist up the catch by hand the following morning 鈥� never taking more fish than they will use. They spend the early part of the day cleaning and packing it for sale. What they don鈥檛 sell they will share with elders in their community.
On a sunny August afternoon, my family joins Mr. Corbiere鈥檚 trip from the dock at the Aundeck Omni Kaning First Nation on Manitoulin Island, the largest freshwater island in the world.
Why We Wrote This
Minority communities often have not been able to present themselves and their stories to the greater society. In Canada, one First Nations group is trying to reclaim their voice through children鈥檚 publishing.
But one could experience his life as a fisherman by flipping through his children鈥檚 book, 鈥淲hispers on the Water,鈥� or reading about him in the pages of a magazine called Canoe Kids. It鈥檚 part of a mission to inform people like myself, who aren鈥檛 exposed to Indigenous culture beyond media portrayals, by Indigenous people themselves.
鈥淭he rest of Canada doesn鈥檛 understand our culture. A lot of people think we are living in teepees,鈥� says Mr. Corbiere. 鈥淭his helps them understand us better, and understand the prejudice that is there. If kids get an education young enough, they鈥檒l get beyond the prejudice.鈥�
I hesitate at first but then confide that, as I told my elementary-school daughter we were entering a reserve, she used the exact wording he cited: 鈥淥h cool, are there going to be teepees?鈥� This despite the fact that she goes to public school in Canada, where the day begins with an acknowledgement of the traditional lands upon which each school sits 鈥� an indication of the place Indigenous culture and history are meant to hold in Canadian education. He nods at her kindly.
鈥淚gnorance is 100% curable鈥�
The first edition of Canoe Kids came out in 2016, before being renamed to 4Canoes in 2019. The publication was a direct response to the Calls to Action put out in 2015 by Canada鈥檚 Truth and Reconciliation Commission, established to face the atrocities endured by Indigenous children in residential schools over decades. And with debates over who has the right to tell whose story intensifying, , which is almost entirely Indigenous, felt it was paramount that the voices featured on the pages came from Indigenous people.
鈥淲e were very frustrated by the lack of authentic material to point teachers and parents to about Indigenous cultures and about the issues facing Indigenous people in Canada today,鈥� says Kelly Brownbill, senior editor and cultural advisor to both the magazine and book publishing efforts. 鈥淲e want parents to be able to read a story at night that isn鈥檛 a Hollywood version of my culture. 鈥� Ninety percent of the world鈥檚 problems are caused by ignorance. But a really cool thing about ignorance is that it鈥檚 100% curable if people will just take the time and energy.鈥�
Their first edition focused on Manitoulin Island, which means 鈥渟pirit island鈥� in Anishinaabemowin, the Ojibwe language, and has long been a center of Indigenous culture 鈥� and tourism, pre-pandemic, in Canada. It introduces readers to ancient stories, to the importance of birch-bark canoes, and pau waus (powwows). It includes glossy photos and a glossary of key words in Anishinaabemowin.
Kevin Milne, a photojournalist and driver of the project, says part of the idea was to start at Canada鈥檚 center, then radiate to Indigenous cultures west and east, then south to the U.S. and throughout Latin America and beyond. The magazine and books have reached over 1 million viewers and today sit in libraries and schools across Canada.
One of the project鈥檚 four pillars is environmental rights (along with human rights, cultural rights, and equity), and that ethos is reflected in stories about the way women and men like Mr. Corbiere live a life of conservation, without necessarily even using the word, says Mr. Milne.
鈥淭hose stories are very important, they allow people who have never met an Indigenous person to connect in a way they might not be able to,鈥� he says. 鈥淚t鈥檚 a way to draw those people in, and to have a different consideration of a land-based culture.鈥�
Another view of the world
In his book, Mr. Corbiere writes of the teachings of 鈥渢he whispers of the water,鈥� traditions passed down from his ancestors and that he is now passing down to his granddaughter. Next to illustrated photos of the pristine waters and land of Manitoulin Island, the text reads: 鈥淗e teaches her where the shoals and reefs are, and where the edges drop off to great depths.鈥�
On this afternoon, he drives us to the camp where that granddaughter, Gabriella, lives in the summer, next to her grandparents, on a rocky outcrop called the Five Islands. As we chat, a butterfly flits around their screened porch.
鈥淚t鈥檚 important to give people another world view, that there are different ways of living,鈥� says Ms. Corbiere, who is 19. Plus, she admits it鈥檚 pretty cool to see the pictures she lives everyday as an illustrated book.
Someone else thinks it鈥檚 pretty cool too, as聽my daughter and I flip through the pages after we get back to our hotel for the day 鈥� and this time because she鈥檚 had a real experience, not a Hollywood interpretation.
