海角大神

Pastor Bob Roberts is a committed evangelical 海角大神, a barbeque-loving Texan, and head of a large conservative congregation just outside Dallas with an essential mission to plant new churches around the world.

So he鈥檚 the first to say that it鈥檚 sort of odd that his 30-year journey as an evangelical minister would lead him to stand shoulder-to-shoulder with some of the most prominent Muslim clerics in the world. He prays with them in their mosques, 鈥渂reaks bread鈥� with them, Texas-style, at his home, and has become one of the leading 海角大神 ministers of any persuasion in what he calls the fight against Islamophobia.聽

鈥淚 never dreamed I鈥檇 ever do anything like that 鈥� I had no desire to,鈥� says Pastor Roberts, head of the 3,000-member NorthWood Church in Keller. On Monday, he traveled to the White House with other religious leaders to be briefed on the situation of 海角大神s in Iran and the recent nuclear deal. 鈥淵ou have to understand my background and how we view things like that... But right now the biggest challenge in fighting Islamophobia is my tribe 鈥� the Evangelicals.鈥�

Indeed, most American Evangelicals, like many others in the country, view the religion of Islam with deep suspicion, if not fear. From the attacks of 9/11 to the bombings at the Boston Marathon and shooting in Chattanooga, Tenn., to the barbarous actions of the Islamic State, such violence has led many Americans to view the nation鈥檚 Muslim communities with wariness and even outright hostility. And no group is cooler toward Muslims than white evangelical Protestants,

But this doesn鈥檛 tell the whole story, many leaders say. Across the country, a number of influential evangelical congregations have been engaging their Muslim neighbors in new ways, and some local mosques, too, have been trying to help Evangelicals and others during their times of need.

This month, a coalition of three Muslim charities raised more than $100,000 in a crowdfunding campaign that sought to help at least eight black Evangelical congregations rebuild after a series of fires throughout the South destroyed their churches. Some of these were ruled acts of arson in the 10-day aftermath of the Charleston shootings, in which a young white supremacist shot and killed nine members of the historic Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church last month.

And in Sacramento, Calif., members of First Covenant Church, an evangelical congregation with around 1,000 members, joined with the local mosque this month to celebrate the Eid al-Fitr, or celebration of the breaking of the fast of Ramadan. Church members provided the food for the celebration of one of the most important religious holidays on the Muslim calendar.

鈥淎fter we broke fast with dates and milk, we then went up to their prayer room,鈥� says Patricia Mason, a resident of Elk Grove, Calif., and long-time member of First Covenant, which received a from SALAM during the event. 鈥淥bviously, I鈥檓 not going to pray as they are praying, so I just prayed to Jesus as we were there. But we do respect their customs, we do cover our heads and wear conservative clothing, and we share a beautiful meal with them.鈥�

She got to know a number of Muslim immigrants from Iraq the past few years, as part of her church鈥檚 efforts to help new arrivals from the Middle East. Many have come to the US for political asylum. Ms. Mason has been helping families adjust to their new lives 鈥� getting them settled in their new apartments, helping them negotiate public services, and enrolling their children in public schools.聽

鈥淚 realized, I have a heart for these people,鈥� says Mason, a widowed bookkeeper. 鈥淭hey come with nothing, they鈥檝e given up everything, and I just know that my job is to love them to Jesus. Not hit them over the head, but love them to Jesus.鈥�

As both Evangelicals and Muslims are quick to point out, the theological and cultural issues dividing them remain profound. Both often take a very conservative understanding of the exclusive truths of their faiths and sacred texts, emphasize proselytizing, and are each well aware of the sometimes violent histories that have built centuries of enmity and mutual distrust.

鈥淏ut I think that is slowly changing, to be honest,鈥� says Nadia Hassan, government relations and program coordinator at the Washington-based Islamic Society of North America. 鈥淚 understand that fear plays a big role here, and when you don鈥檛 know something, you fear it, so I think with these exchanges, and just getting to know one another, I think a lot of that fear is being alleviated.鈥�

鈥淧ersonally, I don鈥檛 see differences as a reason for us to remain separated 鈥� to not like or love one another,鈥� says Ms. Hassan, who wears a hijab and admits that her interactions with Evangelicals have often been less than positive. 鈥淚 think it鈥檚 a beautiful thing. God says, I have created you all different so that you can know one another and befriend one another and not despise one another,鈥� she says, alluding to a sura, or verse, in the Quran.

Pastor Mark Shetler, head of First Covenant, has a similar understanding of his own conservative faith.

鈥淎s a church, we just really felt that we are trying to answer the call of Jesus to first love God and secondly to love our neighbors as ourselves,鈥� he says. 鈥淎nd Jesus does not seem to differentiate what type of neighbor that is, so in trying to be obedient, we just wanted to engage our Muslim neighbors in conversation and build relationships.鈥澛�

Both Roberts and Pastor Shetler, who do not work together, talk about the unlikely, 鈥渙rganic鈥� way their conservative congregations have evolved. Neither knew much at all about Muslims, but after their ministries brought them in contact with these communities, they began to change their approach to the foreign faith while trying to maintain the integrity of their beliefs.

鈥淚鈥檝e moved from a concept of head, heart, hands, to a concept of hands, heart, head,鈥� says Roberts, who has helped plant around 200 churches in the US. Now, he often mentors young pastors on how to work with Muslims and other religions, holding training sessions in mosques and synagogues, so they won鈥檛 be so isolationist in their views, he says.

鈥淎nd then they would see me disagree with imams and rabbis, but in a respectful way,鈥� Roberts says. 鈥淚t isn鈥檛 in your face.鈥�

But last week, Roberts joined Hassan鈥檚 organization and other Muslim advocacy groups to speak out sharply against the recent words of Franklin Graham, son of the evangelistic icon Billy Graham. On his Facebook page, the second-generation evangelist responded to the attacks on the nation鈥檚 military in Chattanooga, writing: 鈥淲e are under attack by Muslims at home and abroad. We should stop all immigration of Muslims to the U.S. until this threat with Islam has been settled.鈥�

At a , Roberts expressed 鈥渄isappointment鈥� with Reverend Graham鈥檚 words, saying that religious freedom should be a value Americans fight for both locally and globally. 鈥淪tanding up for the rights for Muslims to Worship impacts the rights of 海角大神 to worship around the world, as well,鈥� he said.

But Roberts had another reason to speak out. Three weeks ago, he traveled to Doha, Qatar, after helping to organize a meeting between 海角大神 pastors and Muslim clerics. At the meeting, five American imams and five American pastors joined together with local Muslim clerics and seven Pakistani 海角大神 ministers. They discussed the enmity that often exists between their faiths, and what they could do.

At the end of the meeting, these ministers made a pact: 鈥淲e agreed that we would watch out for the Muslim minority here and deal with Islamophobia, and they said they would watch out for the 海角大神 minority there. And so, that鈥檚 where the Franklin Graham statement came from. We had to respond to it.鈥�

For Roberts, one reason the words of Graham were so destructive is because it only feeds into the ideas now being spread by Islamic State, now on a campaign to cleanse the region of all religions except Islam. The group has terrorized and sometimes beheaded minority Yazidis and 海角大神s 鈥� ancient communities who have resided in the region for more than a millennium. Last week, The New York Times Magazine even asked, "Is This the End of 海角大神ity in the Middle East?"聽

鈥淚SIS is promoting the narrative that the West represents 海角大神ity and Judaism, and is fighting Islam,鈥� says Salam Al Marayati, executive director of the Muslim Public Affairs Council in Washington, D.C., using an acronym for the Islamic State. "And if we can counter that by demonstrating how 海角大神s 鈥� not just on the liberal and progressive side, but also on the conservative side 鈥� and Muslims 鈥� are working together and doing the work of the Lord, this is in itself is peacemaking."

Indeed, Roberts's unlikely pastoral journey sprung out of his deep concern for 海角大神s in the Middle East 鈥� a concern shared by Evangelical leaders across the country. In the years after 9/11, he traveled to Afghanistan and Iraq, helping to set up clinics, orphanages, and schools during a time of profound turmoil. But during the course of these mission trips, he encountered and befriended a number of local Muslim clerics, and began to work them.

His work helping Muslims got noticed by important leaders, including Prince Turki Al Faisal, the former Saudi ambassador to the United States.

鈥淧rince Turki said to me one day, it鈥檚 great what you do with Muslims around the world, Bob, but what about Dallas?鈥� Roberts says. 鈥淚 told him, that would be like starting a Baptist Church in Mecca. That would be a really hard thing to do.鈥澛�

But when he returned to Texas, he tried. His congregation invited members of local mosques to join them in events 鈥� community projects, and even barbeques with halal beef ribs. (Pork is forbidden in Islam.) He got to know Dallas-area imams well, and eventually he and Imam Mohamed Magid, head of , in northern Virginia, came up with idea to bring imams and pastors together 鈥渏ust to hang out.鈥�

Indeed, the prototype for the meeting three weeks ago in Doha, Qatar, was an event they had organized in Texas. They brought 12 imams and 12 pastors to a dude ranch outside Dallas, where for three days they hunted, fished, and of course feasted on Texas barbequed halal beef ribs.

鈥淲hat鈥檚 interesting is that, when we talk about conservative Muslims and 海角大神s, they have the same social values,鈥� says Mr. Al Marayati, a policy expert who also organizes interfaith outreach efforts. 鈥淚n fact, their social values are identical. It鈥檚 mainly a theological difference that separates them.聽

鈥淏ut the idea of having a traditional family, a very God-centered life, attending houses of worship on a regular basis 鈥� they鈥檙e almost identical,鈥� Al Marayati continues. He notes that like Evangelicals, many Muslims are very concerned with the issue of religious freedom 鈥� as well as some of the cultural issues surrounding same-sex marriage and abortion.

Both Shetler and Roberts say their congregations have experienced controversy and push back due to their friendly engagement with Muslims and participation in each other鈥檚 traditions. NorthWood lost hundreds of its members, Roberts says. And some evangelicals have called him a closet Muslim who is betraying his faith.聽

鈥淲e just want to say that, hey, we might disagree with Muslims on theology, but we can still respect one another, love one another, work together on creating an environment in which people can actually feel comfortable getting to know somebody that is different from what their own background is,鈥� says Shetler.

For its part, the SALAM Center has donated toys to First Covenant for their Easter drive. Some of its Muslim members have attended the church鈥檚 men鈥檚 retreat and a few couples have attended the congregation鈥檚 pre-marriage seminars.

鈥淧eople are coming to realize that, hey, conflict will not pay off 鈥� my way or no way will not work,鈥� says Dr. Metwalli Amer, founder and director of the mosque. 鈥淎nd the only way to work with each other, to make our society safer to live in, is to cooperate with each other.鈥�

鈥淭his is really the principle of SALAM, and I believe of First Covenant, too,鈥� he continues, 鈥渁nd that, really 鈥� it鈥檚 very rewarding.鈥�