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James Comey聽was charged Thursday with lying to Congress in a criminal case filed days after President Donald Trump appeared to urge his attorney general to prosecute the former FBI director and other perceived political enemies.

The indictment makes Mr. Comey the first former senior government official to face prosecution in connection with one of Mr. Trump鈥檚 chief grievances: the long-concluded in the 2016 election. Mr. Trump and his supporters have long derided that investigation as a 鈥渉oax鈥� and a 鈥渨itch hunt鈥� despite multiple government reviews showing Moscow interfered on behalf of the Republican鈥檚 campaign.

The two-count indictment includes charges of making a false statement to Congress during testimony five years ago as well as obstruction of a criminal proceeding.

The criminal case is likely to deepen concerns that the Justice Department under Attorney General , a Trump loyalist, is being weaponized in pursuit of investigations and now prosecutions of public figures the president regards as his political enemies.

It was filed as the White House has taken steps to exert influence in unprecedented ways on the operations of the Justice Department, blurring the line between law and politics for an agency where independence in prosecutorial decision-making is a foundational principle.

Mr. Comey was months into Trump鈥檚 first administration and has long been a top target for Trump supporters seeking retribution. Mr. Comey was singled out by name in a Saturday social media post in which Mr. Trump complained directly to Ms. Bondi that she had not yet brought charges against him.

The following evening, Mr. aimed at the attorney general that department investigations had not resulted in prosecutions. He said he would nominate Lindsey Halligan, a White House aide, to serve as U.S. attorney for the Eastern District of Virginia. She has been one of Mr. Trump鈥檚 personal lawyers and does not have experience as a federal prosecutor.

鈥淲e can鈥檛 delay any longer, it鈥檚 killing our reputation and credibility,鈥� Mr. Trump wrote, referencing the fact that he himself had been indicted and impeached multiple times. 鈥淛USTICE MUST BE SERVED, NOW!!!鈥�

The office that filed the case against Mr. Comey, the Eastern District of Virginia, was thrown into turmoil last week following under pressure to bring charges against another Trump target, New York Attorney General Letitia James, in .

Ms. Halligan had rushed to present the case to a grand jury this week. Prosecutors were evaluating whether Mr. Comey lied to Congress during testimony on Sept. 30, 2020, and they had until Tuesday to bring a case before the five-year statute of limitations expired. The push to move forward came even as prosecutors in the office had detailed in a memo concerns about the pursuit of an indictment.

Mr. Trump has for years railed against both a finding by U.S. intelligence agencies that Russia preferred him to Democrat Hillary Clinton in the 2016 election and the criminal investigation that tried to determine whether his campaign had conspired with Moscow to sway the outcome of that race. Prosecutors led by special counsel Robert Mueller did not establish that Mr. Trump or his associates criminally colluded with Russia, but they did find that Mr. Trump鈥檚 campaign had welcomed Moscow鈥檚 assistance.

Mr. Trump has seized on the fact that Mr. Mueller鈥檚 investigation did not find that the Trump campaign and the Kremlin colluded, and that there were made by the FBI in wiretap applications, to claim vindication. A yearslong investigation into potential misconduct during the Russia investigation, was conducted by a different special counsel, . That produced three criminal cases, including against an FBI lawyer, but not against senior government officials.

The criminal case against Mr. Comey does not concern the substance of the Russia investigation. Rather, it accuses him of having lied to a Senate committee in his 2020 appearance when he said he never authorized anyone to serve as an anonymous source to a reporter about the investigation.

Mr. Trump鈥檚 administration is trying to cast the Russia investigation as the outgrowth of an effort under Democratic President Barack Obama to overhype Moscow鈥檚 interference in the election and to undermine the legitimacy of Mr. Trump鈥檚 victory.

Administration officials, including CIA Director John Ratcliffe and Director of National Intelligence Tulsi Gabbard, have meant to chip away at the strength of an Obama-era intelligence assessment published in January 2017 that said Moscow had engaged in a broad campaign of interference at the direction of Russian President Vladimir Putin.

Mr. Comey has for years been a prime Mr. Trump antagonist. Mr. Comey was a senior Justice Department official in Republican President George W. Bush鈥檚 administration, was picked by Mr. Obama to lead the FBI in 2013 and was director when the bureau opened the Russia investigation.

Mr. Comey鈥檚 relationship with Mr. Trump was strained from the start and was exacerbated when Mr. Comey resisted a request by Mr. Trump at a private White House dinner to pledge personal loyalty to the president. That overture so unnerved the FBI director that he documented it in a contemporaneous memorandum.

Mr. Trump fired Mr. Comey in May 2017, an action later investigated by Mueller for potential obstruction of justice.

After being let go, Mr. Comey authorized a close friend to share with a reporter the substance of an unclassified memo that documented an Oval Office request from Mr. Trump to shut down an FBI investigation into his first national security adviser, Michael Flynn. Mr. Trump and his allies later branded Mr. Comey a leaker, with the president even accusing him of treason. Mr. Comey himself has called Mr. Trump 鈥渆go driven鈥� and likened him to a mafia don.

The Justice Department, during Mr. Trump鈥檚 first term, declined to prosecute Mr. Comey over his handling of his memos. The department鈥檚 did issue a harshly critical report in 2019 that said Mr. Comey violated FBI policies, including by failing to return the documents to the FBI after he was dismissed and for sharing them with his personal lawyers without FBI permission.

Earlier this year, the department , Maurene Comey, from her job as a prosecutor in the Southern District of New York. She has since sued, saying the termination was carried out without any explanation and was done for political reasons.

This story was reported by The Associated Press. Associated Press reporter Michael聽Kunzelman reported from Alexandria, Virginia.