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A House panel advanced legislation Thursday that would raise the age limit for purchasing a semi-automatic rifle from 18 to 21 as Democrats moved quickly to put their stamp on gun legislation in response to mass shootings in Texas and New York by assailants who used such weapons to kill 31 people, including 19 children.

The vote came as President Joe Biden gave a prime-time speech about the shootings and told Americans, 鈥淟et鈥檚 hear the call and the cry, let鈥檚 meet the moment, let us finally do something.鈥�

Partisan positions were clear at the Judiciary Committee hearing, which lasted more than nine hours. In addition to raising the age limit for purchasing semi-automatic rifles, the bill also would make it a federal offense to import, manufacture or possess large-capacity magazines, and would create a grant program to buy back such magazines.

It also builds on the administration鈥檚 executive action banning fast-action 鈥渂ump-stock鈥� devices and 鈥済host guns鈥� that are assembled without serial numbers.

The final vote to advance the bill was 25-19, with Democrats accounting for all the yes votes and Republicans accounting for all the no votes.

The Democratic legislation, called the Protecting Our Kids Act, was quickly added to the legislative docket after last week鈥檚 school shooting in Uvalde, Texas. Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., promised in a letter to Democratic colleagues Thursday that the House will vote on the measure next week, and she promised other votes in the weeks ahead, including on a bill to to create an Amber Alert-style notification during a mass shooting. Ms. Pelosi also pledged a hearing on a bill banning military-style semiautomatic rifles.

But with Republicans nearly all in opposition, the House action will mostly be symbolic, merely putting lawmakers on record about gun control ahead of this year鈥檚 elections. The Senate is taking a different course, with a bipartisan group striving toward a compromise on gun safety legislation that can win enough GOP support to become law. Those talks are making 鈥渞apid progress,鈥� according to Sen. Susan Collins of Maine, one of the Republican negotiators.

Rep. Jerrold Nadler, D-N.Y., chairman of the House Judiciary Committee, defended his chamber鈥檚 proposals as popular with most Americans. He dismissed Republican criticism.

鈥淵ou say that it is too soon to take action? That we are 鈥榩oliticizing鈥� these tragedies to enact new policies?鈥� Mr. Nadler said. 鈥淚t has been 23 years since Columbine. Fifteen years since Virginia Tech. Ten years since Sandy Hook. Seven years since Charleston. Four years since Parkland and Santa Fe and Tree of Life Synagogue in Pittsburgh.鈥�

鈥淭oo soon? My friends, what the hell are you waiting for?鈥�

Rep. Jim Jordan of Ohio, the top Republican on the committee, said no one wants another tragedy. But he insisted the House bill would do nothing to stop mass shootings.

鈥淲e need to get serious about understanding why this keeps happening. Democrats are always fixated on curtailing the rights of law-abiding citizens rather than trying to understand why this evil happens,鈥� Mr. Jordan said. 鈥淯ntil we figure out the why, we will always mourn losses without facing the problem. Our job is to figure out the why.鈥�

A chief feature of the House bill requires those buying semi-automatic weapons to be at least 21. Only six states require someone to be at least 21 years old to buy rifles and shotguns. The shooters in Uvalde and Buffalo, New York, both were 18 and used an AR-15-style weapon.

Rep. Steve Cohen, D-Tenn., said that it should be a red flag when an 18-year-old wants to buy 鈥渁n assault weapon.鈥�

鈥淭hat鈥檚 what they want on their 18th birthday is an assault weapon? They鈥檝e got a problem, which means we鈥檝e got a problem, which means those 19 kids and their parents and those two teachers have a problem, forever,鈥� Mr. Cohen said, referring to the victims in Uvalde.

Rep. Dan Bishop, R-N.C., pointed to a U.S. appeals court ruling last month, however, that found California鈥檚 ban on the sale of semiautomatic weapons to adults under 21 unconstitutional.

鈥淚 can tell you this, and let me be clear, you are not going to bully your way to stripping Americans of fundamental rights,鈥� Mr. Bishop said.

The hearing featured emotional pleas from Democratic lawmakers for Congress to respond to the mass shootings after years of gridlock on gun issues, one of the most riveting coming from Rep. Lucy McBath of Georgia.

She recalled how her son, Jordan, was shot and killed at a gas station by a man who complained about the loud music he was listening to. She said she dreams of who he would have become. She said racial bias led to his death and those of 10 Black Americans in Buffalo last month and is 鈥渂eing replayed with casual callousness and despicable frequency鈥� in the United States.

鈥淲e all understand that the murder of our children cannot continue,鈥� Ms. McBath said. 鈥淎nd we have solutions that a majority of American people believe in. They are common-sense compromises that will keep American children alive.鈥�

Several lawmakers participated in the hearing remotely, including Rep. Greg Steube, R-Fla., who brandished various pistols in arguing that the bill鈥檚 provision banning large-capacity magazines of more than 10 rounds amounted to stopping law-abiding citizens from purchasing guns of their choice.

When Rep. Sheila Jackson Lee, D-Texas, remarked that she hoped one of the guns Mr. Steube was holding was not loaded, Mr. Steube replied, 鈥淚鈥檓 in my house, I can do whatever I want with my guns.鈥� It was one of several pointed exchanges during the hearing.

Any legislative response to the Uvalde and Buffalo shootings will have to get through the evenly divided Senate, where support from at least 10 Republicans would be needed to advance the measure to a final vote. A group of senators has been working privately this week in hopes of finding a consensus.

Ideas under discussion include expanding background checks for gun purchases and incentivizing red-flag laws that allow family members, school officials and others to go into court and secure orders requiring the police to seize guns from people considered threats to themselves or others.

This story was reported by The Associated Press.聽AP writers Lisa Mascaro and Zeke Miller contributed to this report.