海角大神

By some very prominent measures, black America is more politically powerful than ever before. The president is black, as is the current front-runner for the Republican nomination for president, Ben Carson. There are than ever before, and black mayors govern major cities from Philadelphia to Denver.

And yet, in personal lives, African Americans still say they feel overly targeted for petty crimes such as traffic stops and major ones such as drug use. Young blacks feel more accepted than ever 鈥� embraced by Americans popular culture and no longer subject to the overt racism of Jim Crow 鈥� yet still separate.

In short, black Millennials are conflicted, and research out this week shows how that mingled sense of new opportunity and old frustration has found powerful expression since protests broke out over the police shooting of a black youth in Ferguson, Mo., last year.

Black Millennials are more confident than any other young group that they can make a difference through political participation 鈥� 71 percent, compared with 52 percent of white Millennials and 56 percent of Latino Millennials, according to the study by the Black Youth Project at the Center for the Study of Race, Politics, and Culture at the University of Chicago. Yet more than half of black Millennials also said they had been the victim of police violence or harassment or knew someone who had.

The result has been the rise of a new black civil rights movement 鈥� headlined by Black Lives Matter 鈥� that is heady with its own success, yet in some senses also angry that it needs to exist.

鈥淵es, we have organizing happening, we have a black president, we have a black man leading the Republican primary,鈥� says Robert Ruffins, a 20-something former teacher who is now a community organizer in New Orleans. 鈥淏ut at the other end of it, the reason we have so much of this organizing is a recognition of what hasn鈥檛 happened.鈥�

鈥淚t鈥檚 a weird moment,鈥� he says.

The confusion is representative of a larger paradox within black political activism that has been growing since the election of President Obama in 2008, but which has intensified since Ferguson. Young blacks have faith in their ability to agitate and disrupt, but they have little faith in the politicians who must ultimately turn that activism into law.

鈥淏lack millennials report the highest level of confidence that they have the skills and knowledge to exercise their political voices and participate in politics,鈥� writes Jon Rogowski, a political scientist at the University of Washington in St. Louis and a co-author of the 鈥淏lack Millennials in America鈥� report, in an e-mail to the Monitor. 鈥淏ut [they] also express the greatest frustration with current political leaders.鈥�

The generation that 聽in sending Mr. Obama to the White House twice may now be losing its faith in institutional politics, Professor Rogowski adds.

鈥淔or many young people, the Obama presidency has been disappointing in the sense that his presidency, many argue, has not brought about the systemic change he seemed to promise in 2008,鈥� he says. 鈥淚n addition [to voting], we also see that young Black adults report being politically engaged in a number of ways beyond voting compared to young whites, and #BlackLivesMatter represents one example.鈥�

Jason Kennedy and Devon Simon, both black 19-year-olds,聽shake their heads when asked if they feel politically empowered.

鈥淚 feel like what I have to say doesn鈥檛 really matter and will never be taken into consideration or [taken] that seriously,鈥� says Mr. Kennedy as the pair聽grab lunch in a Wendy鈥檚 in Boston.

The perception could be generational, says Rogowski.聽Older generations might feel that their mission was accomplished with the election of Obama, but Millennials have been conditioned to expect more. 聽

鈥淟ike all Millennials, [we] grew up in world of unparalleled choice. We expect our voices to be heard,鈥� says Mr. Ruffins, the community organizer in New Orleans. 鈥淲e have grown up with an expectation of being powerful.鈥�

But 鈥渨hen that power is taken away from us, when we鈥檙e stopped on the street and no amount of education or respectability politics, no amounts of rights you have, can protect you from literally having your life taken away, that creates a weird tension,鈥� he adds. 鈥淲e believe we鈥檙e powerful because we鈥檝e been told we鈥檙e powerful, but we鈥檙e confronting the limits鈥� of that.

Daunashia Yancey, also a Millennial, is on the front lines of that confrontation. A member of Black Lives Matter Boston who was involved in a tense conversation with Hillary Clinton in August, Ms. Yancey says that the group鈥檚 success stems in part from the fact that it is a 鈥渕ultitactic movement鈥� that includes traditional efforts like voter registration drives and direct actions like blockades and occupations.

鈥淭here鈥檚 a lot of things you can do in the political system, but there鈥檚 also a lot of things that you can鈥檛,鈥� she adds. 鈥淏y working outside of the traditional or the set way that folks are supposed to work within politics, by stepping outside of that we actually get a little bit further.鈥�

Ruffins echoes her frustrations with the traditional ways of politics: 鈥淚 think our generation trusts the system, but I think that trust might be wearing out.鈥�