Mexico water monster: Has it gone extinct?
| MEXICO CITY
Mexico's salamander-like聽axolotl聽may have disappeared from its only known natural habitat in Mexico City's few remaining lakes.
It's disturbing news for an admittedly ugly creature, which has a slimy tail, plumage-like gills and mouth that curls into an odd smile.
The聽axolotl聽is known as the "water monster" and the "Mexican walking fish." Its only natural habitat is the Xochimilco network of lakes and canals 鈥� the "floating gardens" of earth piled on reed mats that the Aztecs built to grow crops but are now suffering from pollution and urban sprawl.
Biologist Armando Tovar Garza of Mexico's National Autonomous University said Tuesday that the creature "is in serious risk of disappearing" from the wild.
Describing an effort last year by researchers in skiffs to try to net聽axolotls聽in the shallow, muddy waters of Xochimilco, Tovar Garza summed up the results as "four months of sampling 鈥� zero聽axolotls."
Some聽axolotls聽still survive in aquariums, water tanks and research labs, but experts said those conditions aren't the best, because of inbreeding and other risks.
Growing up to a foot long (30 centimeters),聽axolotls聽use four stubby legs to drag themselves along the bottom or thick tails to swim in Xoxhimilco's murky channels while feeding on aquatic insects, small fish and crustaceans. But the surrounding garden-islands have increasingly been converted to illicit shantytowns, with untreated sewage often running off into the water.
The Mexican Academy of Sciences said in a statement that a 1998 survey found an average of 6,000聽axolotls per square kilometer, a figure that dropped to 1,000 in a 2003 study, and 100 in a 2008 survey.
Tovar Garza said it is too early to declare the聽axolotl聽extinct in its natural habitat. He said that in early February, researchers will begin a three-month search in hopes of finding what may be the last free-roaming axolotl.
The searches "on almost all the canals have to be repeated, because now we are in the cold season, with lower temperatures, and that is when we ought to have more success with the聽axolotls, because it is when they breed," Tovar Garza said.
Alarmed by the creature's falling numbers in recent years, researchers built聽axolotl聽"shelters" in Xochimilco.
Sacks of rocks and reedy plants act as filters around a selected area, and cleaner water is pumped in, to create better conditions. The shelters also were intended to help protect the聽axolotls聽from non-native carp and tilapia that were introduced to the lake system years ago and compete with聽axolotls聽for food.
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