July was the hottest month ever, scientists say. Is this the future?
Now that July鈥檚 sizzling numbers are all in, the European climate monitoring organization made it official: July 2023 was Earth鈥檚 hottest month on record by a wide margin.
July鈥檚 global average temperature of 16.95 degrees Celsius (62.51 degrees Fahrenheit) was a third of a degree Celsius (six-tenths of a degree Fahrenheit) higher than the previous record set in 2019, Copernicus Climate Change Service, a division of the European Union鈥檚 space program, announced Tuesday. Normally global temperature records are broken by hundredths or a tenth of a degree, so this margin is unusual.
鈥淭hese records have dire consequences for both people and the planet exposed to ever more frequent and intense extreme events,鈥� said Copernicus deputy director Samantha Burgess. There have been deadly heat waves in the Southwestern United States and Mexico, Europe, and Asia. Scientific quick studies put the blame on human-caused climate change from the burning of coal, oil, and natural gas.
Days in July have been hotter than previously recorded from July 2 on. It鈥檚 been so extra warm that Copernicus and the World Meteorological Organization made the unusual early announcement that it was likely the hottest month days before it ended. Tuesday鈥檚 calculations made it official.
The month was 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 degrees Fahrenheit) warmer than pre-industrial times. In 2015, the nations of the world agreed to try to prevent long-term warming 鈥� not individual months or even years, but decades 鈥� that is 1.5 degrees warmer than pre-industrial times.
Last month was so hot, it was .7 degrees Celsius (1.3 degrees Fahrenheit) hotter than the average July from 1991 to 2020, Copernicus said. The world鈥檚 oceans were half a degree Celsius (0.9 degrees Fahrenheit) warmer than the previous 30 years and the North Atlantic was 1.05 degrees Celsius (1.9 degrees Fahrenheit) hotter than average. Antarctica set record lows for sea ice, 15% below average for this time of year.
Copernicus鈥� records go back to 1940. That temperature would be hotter than any month the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration has recorded and their records go back to 1850. But scientists say it鈥檚 actually the hottest in a far longer time period.
鈥淚t鈥檚 a stunning record and makes it quite clearly the warmest month on Earth in ten thousand years,鈥� said Stefan Rahmstorf, a climate scientist at the Potsdam Institute for Climate Research in Germany. He wasn鈥檛 part of the Copernicus team.
Mr. Rahmstorf cited studies that use tree rings and other proxies that show present times are the warmest since the beginning of the Holocene Epoch, about 10,000 years ago. And before the Holocene started there was an ice age, so it would be logical to even say this is the warmest record for 120,000 years, he said.
鈥淲e should not care about July because it鈥檚 a record, but because it won鈥檛 be a record for long,鈥� said Imperial College of London climate scientist Friederike Otto. 鈥淚t鈥檚 an indicator of how much we have changed the climate. We are living in a very different world, one that our societies are not adapted to live in very well.鈥�
This story was reported by The Associated Press.
