海角大神

Our reporter offers vignettes of the protesters in Portland, Oregon 鈥� where they鈥檙e from, what they want, and the values and ideals motivating them to continue now that federal agents have been withdrawn.

In our exclusive interview with the five-term congresswoman (and possible Joe Biden running mate), Rep. Karen Bass is encouraged by the growing ranks of women in leadership roles, and offers lessons on the power of relationship-building. Part of our special 100th anniversary edition on women winning the right to vote.

Our reporter finds an awakening among young Israelis, who have been seen as politically apathetic. Street protests are fueled by a loss of trust and a newfound desire for integrity in leadership. Is this a generational shift?

Did you know that most people in jail have not been convicted of a crime? Many Americans are unaware of how the criminal justice system actually works. Our new season of the 鈥淧erception Gaps鈥� podcast sheds light on some of these misconceptions.

Here鈥檚 another story about emerging activism. We look at how TikTok went from an apolitical app for teen dance videos to a platform for battling racism and a threat to national security, according to Trump officials.聽

It鈥檚 been called the world鈥檚 largest science project, the most complex engineering feat in human history. But its enormity and intricacy aren鈥檛 even the biggest part of its story. This technology could be a solution to energy and climate problems for centuries to come.

The name of this mind-boggling effort is ITER (originally known as the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor), a megaproject that began to be assembled near Marseille, France, in August. For decades nuclear fusion has been like a genie who refuses to come out of its bottle and grant a miracle. It entices with a new way of generating electricity, a completely different approach from today鈥檚 fission-based nuclear power plants, which rely on splitting atoms. Using tremendous heat and pressure, nuclear fusion joins atoms together. While doing so, in theory at least, it would generate many times more energy than it takes to create the fusion process.

Its fuel would be largely hydrogen gas, available in abundant supply around the world. No country could corner the market on it. And compared with nuclear fission plants, fusion would produce very little in the way of radioactive materials, the tricky disposal of which is one of the great drawbacks of fission reactors.

This project deserves attention because solutions to climate change have been slow in coming. Conventional fossil fuels, including coal, are not being eliminated fast enough and scaling up renewable energy such as wind and sun has been challenging. Turning more to conventional nuclear powerplants brings not only the aforementioned disposal problems but also safety concerns, as highlighted by the disasters at Chernobyl and Fukushima.

Bernard Bigot, director-general of ITER, remains confident that his project will produce energy. But the key question is whether it will be 鈥渟imple and efficient enough that it could be industrialized,鈥� he says. 鈥淭he world needs to know if this technology is available or not. Fusion could help deliver the energy supplies of the world for a very long time, maybe forever.鈥�

The huge mechanism under construction requires the application of science and engineering at their most demanding. 鈥淐onstructing the machine piece by piece will be like assembling a three-dimensional puzzle on an intricate timeline [and] with the precision of a Swiss watch,鈥� Mr. Bigot says.

ITER is the product of an international effort that so far has survived disruption from the pandemic or from political tensions. The partners include the United States, China, India, Russia, South Korea, and members of the European Union.

It follows in the footsteps of other joint scientific endeavors such as the International Space Station (15 nations) and The Human Genome Project (20 institutions in six countries). The genome project, successfully concluded in 2003, was considered the largest collaborative biological project ever undertaken. The ITER effort, says Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, is 鈥渁 perfect symbol of the age-old Indian belief ... [that] the world is one family.鈥�

The next checkpoint should arrive in 2025 when the first plasma would be produced in the fusion process. Another decade would be needed to see if the concept works in its entirety and would be commercially viable.

The billions of dollars and years of work represent a tremendous investment. But the creativity, engineering, and sense of possibilities that fuel it will certainly help humanity find the long-term solution for its energy needs.