Voters and their state's ethical fitness
It鈥檚 an odd disconnect. In choosing their elected leaders, Americans care most about integrity 鈥� even more so than leadership abilities or stands on issues. And yet, according to a new grading of all 50 states on the integrity of their government 鈥� 鈥楢鈥� to 鈥楩鈥� 鈥� voters aren鈥檛 exactly getting what they want.
The grades are the result of an extensive probe of each state鈥檚 ethics laws and susceptibility to corruption by a team of reporters. The probe was put together by the Center for Public Integrity and supported by Public Radio International and Global Integrity.
More than half the states were found to be below average: 18 got a 鈥楧鈥� and 8 chalked up an 鈥楩鈥� while 19 received a 鈥楥鈥�.
Only five states earned a 鈥楤鈥�.
And none deserved an 鈥楢鈥�.
The survey, known as the State Integrity Investigation, used 330 鈥渃orruption risk indicators鈥� to gauge each state鈥檚 transparency and accountability in official affairs, including how well it implements anti-corruption rules and laws.
The best state? Surprisingly, New Jersey, despite its Tony Soprano reputation.
After a spate of scandals in the last decade, the state passed strong ethics laws and put in place a credible enforcement mechanism. Georgia ranks last despite many antigraft laws, in large part because 鈥渕oney finds a way to flow around those laws,鈥� said one researcher.
What stands out in the survey is the uneven patchwork of antigraft measures that work in many states, such as Connecticut鈥檚 public financing of campaigns or Louisiana鈥檚 cap on lobbyist spending, but don鈥檛 seem to catch on in other states.
This points to the need for more citizen activism 鈥� not just in persuading lawmakers on the need for clean-government reforms but also in electing state leaders who better represent the moral demands of the people.
The struggle against corruption or other abuses of power is best fought before it happens. Prevention is less costly than after-the-fact prosecution and penalties.
As the late political and social scientist James Q. Wilson pointed out in his best book, 鈥淭he Moral Sense,鈥� a democracy depends on the moral health of its people.
鈥淢ankind鈥檚 moral sense is not a strong beacon light,鈥� he wrote, but 鈥渞ather, a small candle flame ... flickering and sputtering in the strong winds of power and passion, greed and ideology.鈥� When 鈥渂rought close to the heart and cupped in one鈥檚 hands, it dispels the darkness and warms the soul.鈥�
No manner of ethics laws or codes of conduct can create effective and clean government without voters asserting their desire for honesty, openness, accountability, and other values of integrity. Enron had one of the best ethical codes in the world, but it fell apart because of its culture of malfeasance and lack of values.
鈥淚f men were angels, no government would be necessary,鈥� wrote James Madison. 鈥淚f angels were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessary.鈥�
