Mario Draghi's big bazooka: a weapon, not a cure
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Bill Bonner Guest blogger
This message is one of a series. It began when Mario Draghi, former Goldman man and now head of the European Central Bank, promised to do 鈥渨hatever it takes鈥� to save Euroland.
The issue on the table: whatever does it take to bring a real recovery?
First, whatever it takes, Mario Draghi didn鈥檛 seem to have it. Or maybe he did. The situation in Europe is so complicated it鈥檚 hard to tell. So, investors have been fearful one day and cheerful the next. At the beginning of last week they thought all was lost. Then, by the end of the week, stocks were rallying again. The Dow rose more than 200 points on Friday. Yesterday, it still had some forward momentum鈥oing up another 21 points.
What does Mr. Draghi have? This report from the聽Telegraph, which has been hard on the story from the beginning, suggests that at least Mr. Draghi has something:
Mr. Draghi has secured a mandate for 鈥渦nlimited open-market operations鈥�, a far cry from the half-hearted and self-defeating bond purchases of the last two years. The ECB at last has a license to act with overwhelming force, like the US Federal Reserve.
鈥極verwelming force鈥� is what Ben Bernanke has, which is thought to be the same as 鈥榳hatever it takes.鈥� But is that enough? What force do central bankers really have? All they can do is provide the markets with more cash and credit. And even if they give it all they鈥檝e got that still won鈥檛 be enough to cause a real recovery. Because you can鈥檛 cure a debt crisis with more debt. If you could, no one would ever bother with austerity.
Households, governments, businesses 鈥� faced with too many debts and not enough money 鈥� sooner or later have to straighten up, reduce spending and reckon with their bad debt.
On the other hand, we鈥檝e never heard of a counterfeiter who failed to pay his debts. And since the bank of Ben Bernanke has the power to print money, investors are inclined to give him and the US some slack. That鈥檚 because he has 鈥榳hatever it takes.鈥� At least, they give him more slack than they give to, say, Greece. When Greece is in a pinch, it defaults. That鈥檚 what it has done many times. Half its history since independence in 1828 has been spent in default. But when the US is in a pinch, it prints!
That鈥檚 the Big Bazooka Theory in a nutshell, where it belongs. And here鈥檚 a forecast, too. Readers take note: this is not a formula for a healthy economy. Nor does it bring a recovery. It鈥檚 only a formula for blasting the can so far down the road that most investors and savers can鈥檛 see it, and therefore don鈥檛 worry about it.
As for Mario Draghi, we don鈥檛 know. He may have the power to use unlimited force. Or he may not.
According to the theory, you鈥檙e bazooka can鈥檛 be just big, it has to be infinitely big. Because, the only way you can hold off a default is by promising to print an infinite quantity of cash. And you have to mean it. If you just print up a few hundred billion, speculators take out their calculators. If they see you鈥檙e a little short, they sell your bonds, fearing that you will default. Then, other speculators buy them at low prices, betting that you will print more of whatever it takes. Then, when you do print more, prices soar and the speculator sells the bonds back into the market鈥�
鈥�.and the whole process repeats itself鈥ntil you finally default.
As long as the amount you print is limited, speculators can look ahead and see when it runs out. The only way to end this speculation against your bonds is to say: 鈥榙on鈥檛 bother selling my bonds, I鈥檒l print an infinite amount to protect them.鈥�
Then, the whole drama goes away. Savers and investors just want to know they鈥檒l get their money back. Your willingness to print, completely unrestrained by law or common sense, reassures them.
In fact, in today鈥檚 world, they鈥檒l buy so many of your bonds that your interest rates will fall below the level of consumer price inflation (which is usually falling too)鈥aking the real yield actually negative! In other words, if you agree to act like a damned fool, they鈥檒l lend you money and ask for no real yield.
That鈥檚 because you will have 鈥榳hatever it takes.鈥�
All of which is passing strange. But very amusing.
But it still leaves us with the question: whatever does it take to bring a real recovery?
