Classic review: Bob Dylan in America
[This review from the Monitor's archives originally ran on Oct. 4, 2010.] Writers and critics (and lately, the artist himself) have slowly been unmasking the elusive Mr. Dylan for decades now, with 150 tomes dedicated to penetrating the briar patch that is Bob. Well, I鈥檓 happy to announce that we鈥檙e definitely making progress and, with Bob Dylan in America, a giant leap.
Author Sean Wilentz combines a lifelong music fan鈥檚 enthusiasm with a history detective鈥檚 doggedness to unearth Dylan鈥檚 entire root system, from the Mississippi Delta to the iron mines of Minnesota to MacDougal Street in Greenwich Village. The book is at once a time-hopping biography; a catalog of Dylan鈥檚 myriad, eclectic influences (how about Charlie Chaplin, Walt Whitman, and Judy Garland, for starters?); and a primer on American music 鈥� gospel, minstrel, blues, country, and folk. The words 鈥淚n America鈥� in the title define the conceptual heart of the book. Wilentz writes: 鈥淚 have ... been curious about when, how, and why Dylan picked up on certain forerunners鈥�. What do those tangled influences tell us about America?... What does America tell us about Bob Dylan?鈥�
Wilentz was born to write this book 鈥� truth be told, he鈥檚 a ringer. Besides being a Bancroft Award winner for American history, and a Pulitzer Prize and Grammy awards finalist, he was also a child of Greenwich Village, where his family owned 8th Street Books, a major early 1960s hangout for beatniks, poets, and folk singers like Robert Zimmerman, recently arrived from Hibbing, Minn. Wilentz鈥檚 father, Elias, edited The Beat Scene, an early organ of beat poetry that showcased such leading lights as William Burroughs, Allen Ginsberg, and Jack Kerouac. As historian-in-residence for Dylan鈥檚 official website (bobdylan
.com), Wilentz has unprecedented access to rare photos, working tapes, and recording session notes, and he uses them to unlock some of the enduring mysteries of Dylan and his groundbreaking, shape-shifting output.
Review of "Like a Rolling Stone: Bob Dylan at the Crossroads" by Greil Marcus
Fans and detractors alike would have to agree that, in his prime, Bob Dylan was a visionary. But exactly whose vision was it? Wilentz traces Dylan鈥檚 American family tree with all the roots and branches exposed. 鈥淒ylan was not so much a sponge 鈥� as an alchemist, taking common materials and creating new art. Nothing that came within his field of vision escaped him鈥�. [A]nything of beauty, no matter how terrible, became something to seize upon and make his own.鈥�
The author draws creative timelines through three American musicians who never met. The book鈥檚 first chapter profiles American classical composer and political activist Aaron Copland, whose folk-tinged compositions mined the vastness and primitive grandeur of the American West and Appalachian Mountains in the 1930s. Wilentz sees in Dylan, decades later, a kindred spirit, able to translate the American experience into challenging yet inspiring and accessible music.
He follows a parallel path to Blind Willie McTell, a surprisingly sophisticated blues artist who, like Dylan, defied category, mixing Tin Pan Alley, Gershwin, and gut-bucket blues into a uniquely flavored American gumbo. To complete the connective circle, Dylan would record a tribute song, 鈥淏lind Willie McTell鈥� in 1983.
Wilentz takes us on a homeboy鈥檚 tour of Greenwich Village鈥檚 subterranean 鈥減ass the hat鈥� clubs like The Kettle of Fish on MacDougal Street and Gerde鈥檚 Folk City on Bleeker, which would become the ambitious young folksinger鈥檚 Harvard and Yale. 鈥淏ob Dylan was turning into something very different from what anyone had ever heard, an artist whose imagination stretched far beyond even the most accomplished folk-song writers of the day.鈥�
Wilentz drops us, streetside, into Manhattan, circa 1963, as Dylan was growing exponentially in the Village鈥檚 incubator, soaking up American history and legend, civil rights rumblings, cold-war politics, pop art, and the 6 o鈥檆lock news. He became a fixture at the New York Public Library, poring over American history, and a regular at the Village鈥檚 folklore center, hanging with other folkies and Beat poets like Ginsberg, whose edgy themes and fractured verse profoundly influenced Dylan鈥檚 songwriting. Soon he had outgrown his earnest folksinger clothes.
鈥淚 came out of the wilderness and just naturally fell in with the Beat scene鈥�. I got in on the tail end of that, and it was magic,鈥� Dylan said in 1985. 鈥淚t had just as big an impact on me as Elvis Presley.鈥� The writer of altruistic anthems like 鈥淏lowing in the Wind 鈥� and 鈥淎 Hard Rain鈥檚 Gonna Fall鈥� had left the building.
In one of the book鈥檚 most engaging chapters, the author scores us a fly-on-the-wall perch at the all-night Nashville recording sessions for 鈥淏londe on Blonde,鈥� Dylan鈥檚 landmark 1965 double album. Riding a high with the out-of-left-field success of 鈥淟ike a Rolling Stone,鈥� Dylan had found his most confident (and radio-friendly) voice, a sort of exuberant nihilism: 鈥淭he lyric manuscripts from the Nashville sessions show Dylan working in a 1960s mode of what T.S. Eliot had called ... the disassociation of sensibility 鈥� cutting off discursive thought or wit from poetic value, substituting emotion for coherence.鈥� And yes, you could dance to it.
Modern-day Dylan is burrowing ever more deeply into old American roots music. After several decades bereft of new ideas, he has once again reemerged, strapping on a hard hat and mining America鈥檚 still-rich blues veins, winning back some of the critics who lost interest in Dylan after 鈥淏lood on the Tracks,鈥� more than three decades ago.
As for the Dylan that shocked and fascinated us in the mid-鈥�60s, who seemed to be from some far-out world much hipper than our own 鈥� how did he get here? Now we have a map. It鈥檚 called 鈥淏ob Dylan in America.鈥�
John Kehe is the Monitor鈥檚 design director.
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